晚清西学知识建构问题——以《皇朝经世文编》《西学大成》系列为中心  

Issues of Knowledge Construction of Western Learning in the Late Qing Dynasty——Focusing on the Collections of Huang Chao Jing Shi Wen Bian and Xi Xue Da Cheng

作　　者：李沛廉 LI Peilian(Department of Chinese and History of City University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong 999077,China)

机构地区：[1]香港城市大学中文及历史学系,中国香港999077

出　　处：《福建师大福清分校学报》2021年第1期34-39,61,共7页Journal of Fuqing Branch of Fujian Normal University

摘　　要：晚清社会动荡,西方列强乘机进攻侵犯,由于国力悬殊,大清在战争中几乎是屡战屡败;清人在经历多次战争失败后,提倡“经世致用”的学术,意图借此富国强兵、振兴中华。国民意识到西方列强乃凭借先进的科技,方能于战斗中取胜,西学因而被视为“经世致用”的救国良方,被大量引进中国,随之衍生出为数不少的西学译书。透过《皇朝经世文编》及《西学大成》系列类目编纂上的安排,发现士人在整理西学译书时,沿用了中国传统的知识体系去分类西学知识,然而此举导致汇编西学的过程困难重重,甚至造成知识归类错误、学术混淆不清等情况。When the society was in turmoil in the late Qing Dynasty,the Western powers took the opportunity to attack China.Due to the disparity in national power,the Qing was a loser in almost every war.Failing in wars on many occasions,the Qing nationals advocated the learning of"national salvation",which was aimed at enriching and revitalizing China.The Chinese realized that Western powers were able to win in wars because of advanced technology.As a result,Western Learning was regarded as a sound approach to achieve"national salvation"and was introduced to China numerously.The number of books on English-Chinese translation of Western Learning was on the increase accordingly.Through the analysis on the arrangements in compiling categories in the collections of Huang Chao Jing Shi Wen Bian and Xi Xue Da Cheng,the findings are that when sorting out English-Chinese translation of Western Learning,Chinese scholars followed the traditional Chinese knowledge system to classify knowledge about Western Learning,which caused many difficulties in the process of compiling Western Learning,and even resulted in errors in knowledge classification and academic confusion.

关 键 词：晚清西学 知识建构 经世致用 《皇朝经世文编》 《西学大成》 

分 类 号：G256[文化科学—图书馆学]