高端装备制造业技术创新效率测度与优化  

Measurement and Optimization of Technological Innovation Efficiency in High-end Equipment Manufacturing Industry

作　　者：曾刚[1,2] 耿成轩 ZENG Gang;GENG Cheng-xuan(College of Economics and Management,Civil Aviation University of China,Tianjin 300300,China;China College of Economics and Management,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing Jiangsu 211106,China)

机构地区：[1]中国民航大学经济与管理学院,天津300300 [2]南京航空航天大学经济与管理学院,江苏南京211106

出　　处：《技术经济与管理研究》2021年第3期17-22,共6页Journal of Technical Economics & Management

基　　金：天津市教委科研计划人文社科一般项目(2019SK103)。

摘　　要：为了拓展多阶段DEA模型的应用,文章充分发挥四阶段DEA模型和Bootstrap模型的优势,利用组合分析模型对高端装备制造技术创新效率进行测度。DEA模型选取R&D经费内部支出、技术引进经费支出、R&D人员全时当量、研发机构个数作为投入指标,有效发明专利数、利润总额作为产出指标,同时考虑宏观经济水平、市场劳动力供给和金融支持等环境因素对效率的影响。结果表明:不考虑环境和统计噪音,高端装备制造业技术创新效率均值呈现显著的“U”型波动趋势。剔除环境因素和随机误差后,组合模型实证发现产业效率呈非显著性“U”型变化,创新水平差异不明显,大部分介于0.8~0.9之间,处于非效率状态;技术驱动和环境因素对创新效率提升发挥双重作用。医疗仪器设备及仪器仪表制造等产业的技术进步指数(TC)均大于1。In order to expand the application of multi-stage DEA model,this paper gives full play to the advantages of four-stage DEA model and Bootstrap model,and measures the innovation efficiency of high-end equipment manufacturing technology with combin-atorial analysis model.The DEA model selects internal expenditure of R&D funds,expenditure of technology import,full-time equivalent of R&D personnel and the number of R&D institutions as input indexes,the number of effective invention patents and total profit as out-put indexes,and considers the impact of environmental factors such as macroeconomic level,market labor supply and financial support on efficiency.The results show that:Regardless of the environment and statistical noise,the mean value of technological innovation efficiency of high-end equipment manufacturing industry presents a significant U-shaped fluctuation trend.There are significant diffe-rences between industries.With environmental factors and random errors being removed,the empirical results of the portfolio model show that the industrial efficiency presents a non-significant"U"shaped change,and the difference of innovation level is not obvious,most of which are between 0.8 and 0.9,in the state of inefficiency.Technological drive and environmental factors play a dual role in improving innovation efficiency.The technology progress indexof medical equipment and instrument manufacturing is more than 1.

关 键 词：高端装备制造 四阶段DEA Bootstrap模型 投入产出 

分 类 号：F273.1[经济管理—企业管理]