基于经典人群口尝法和电子舌法的中药饮片水煎液苦度叠加规律研究  

Study on superposition rule of bitterness of decoction of Chinese materia medica based on traditional human taste panel method and electronic tongue method

作　　者：张璞[1] 张耀 桂新景 施钧瀚[2,3,4,5] 张慧杰 冯文豪 李媛媛 王艳丽[2,3,4,5] 张璐[2,3,4,5] 姚静 刘瑞新[2,3,4,5] 李学林 ZHANG Pu;ZHANG Yao;GUI Xin-jing;SHI Jun-han;ZHANG Hui-jie;FENG Wen-hao;LI Yuan-yuan;WANG Yan-li;ZHANG Lu;YAO Jing;LIU Rui-xin;LI Xue-lin(Henan University of Chinese Medicine,Zhengzhou 450008,China;Department of Pharmacy,The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine,Zhengzhou 450000,China;Level 3 Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Preparations,National Administration of Traditional Medicine,Zhengzhou 450000,China;Research Center for Modern Engineering for Clinical Application of Chinese Medicine Decoction Pieces,Zhengzhou 450000,China;Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicine Development for Respiratory Disease Diagnosis and Treatment,Henan University of Chinese Medicine,Zhengzhou 450000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南中医药大学,河南郑州450008 [2]河南中医药大学第一附属医院药学部,河南郑州450000 [3]国家中医药管理局中药制剂三级实验室,河南郑州450000 [4]河南省中药饮片临床应用现代化工程研究中心,河南郑州450000 [5]河南中医药大学呼吸疾病中医药防治省部共建协同创新中心,河南郑州450000

出　　处：《中草药》2021年第3期653-668,共16页Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(81774452);国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(81001646);国家重点研发计划中医药现代化重点专项(2017YFC1703400);河南省首批自然科学基金面上项目(162300410187);河南省高等学校重点科研项目(16A360021);河南省中医药科学研究专项课题(2016ZY2055);河南省中医管理局国家中医临床研究基地科研专项(2018JDZX039);河南省中医药拔尖人才培养项目资助(2019ZYBJ07);河南省高层次人才特殊支持“中原千人计划”-“中原青年拔尖人才”项目(ZYQR201912158)。

摘　　要：目的探索苦味中药饮片水煎液(decoction of Chinese materia medica,DCMM)的苦度叠加规律。方法以生物碱类(黄连Coptidis Rhizoma、黄柏Phellodendron Chinensis Cortex、苦参Sophora Flavescens Radix)、萜类(穿心莲Andrographis Herba、野菊花Chrysanthemi Indici Flos、苦楝皮Melia Cortex)、糖苷类(龙胆Gentianae Radix et Rhizoma、黄芩Scutellariae Radix、连翘Forsythiae Fructus)9种苦味DCMM为研究载体,在单味载体呈味规律研究基础上,采用均匀设计法进行二元(6组)、三元(10组)叠加实验,通过经典人群口尝法(traditional human taste panel method,THTPM)及电子舌法(electrionic tongue,E-tongue)分别评价其苦度,建立二元、三元叠加时叠加苦度-质量浓度对数(IZ-ln C)、叠加苦度-叠加前分苦度(IZ-I)、口尝叠加苦度-电子舌叠加苦度(IZo-IZe)拟合模型,探索其苦度叠加规律。结果THTPM法中,二元叠加IZ-ln C、IZ-I共12组,均拟合出有意义模型(R_(c)^(2)≥0.868,P<0.05,n=6),模型类型为二次多项式或近似结构的模型(下同);三元叠加IZ-ln C、IZ-I共20组,拟合出18组有意义模型(R_(c)^(2)≥0.659,P<0.05,n=6)。E-tongue法中,针对3类味觉信息进行分析,二元叠加IZ-ln C、IZ-I共36组,均拟合出有意义模型(R_(c)^(2)≥0.689,P<0.05,n=6);三元叠加IZ-ln C、IZ-I共60组,拟合出52组有意义模型(R_(c)^(2)≥0.662,P<0.05,n=6)。IZo-IZe中,二元叠加共18组,拟合出8组有意义线性模型(R_(c)^(2)≥0.727,P<0.05,n=6);三元叠加共30组,拟合出13组有意义的线性或对数模型(R_(c)^(2)≥0.670,P<0.05,n=6)。结论叠加后苦度随浓度增加呈上升趋势;叠加实验良好模型获取率为(二元100%,R_(c)^(2)=0.936;三元87.5%,R_(c)^(2)=0.906),而IZo-IZe中有意义的模型获取率较低,即以IZe预测IZo的方法目前尚不成熟;二元、三元叠加中原始苦度越高的饮片对IZ贡献度越大;黄连在同类型和不同类型叠加中苦度贡献度均最大;除黄连+黄柏+黄芩组存在因成分间可能发生沉Objective To explore the bitterness superimposition law of the decoction of bitter decoction of Chinese materia medica(DCMM).Methods In this paper,nine bitter DCMM of alkaloids{Huanglian[Coptidis Rhizoma(CR)],Huangbo[Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex(PCC)],Kushen[Sophorae Flavescentis Radix(SFR)]},terpenoids{Chuanxinlian[Andrographis Herba(AH)],Yejuhua[Chrysanthemi Indici Flos(CIF)],Kulianpi[Meliae Cortex(MC)]},and glycosides{Longdan[Gentianae Radix et Rhizoma(GRR)],Huangqin[Scutellariae Radix(SR)],Lianqiao[Forsythiae Fructus(FF)]}were used as research carriers.Based on the study of taste regularity of single carrier,binary(six groups)and ternary(10 groups)superposition experiments were carried out by uniform design method.The bitterness of DCMM was evaluated by the traditional human taste panel method(THTPM)and electronic tongue test(E-tongue),and the fitting models of superimposed bitterness-concentration logarithm(IZ-ln C),superimposed bitterness-pre-superimposed bitterness(IZ-I),and oral taste superimposed bitterness-electronic tongue superimposed bitterness(IZo-IZe)were established to explore the superposition law of its bitterness.Results In the THTPM method,there were 12 groups of binary superposition of IZ-ln C and IZ-I,all of which fitted a meaningful model(R_(c)^(2)≥0.868,P<0.05,n=6).The model type was quadratic polynomial or approximate structure model(the same below);A total of 20 groups of ternary superposition of IZ-ln C and IZ-I were fitted to 18 groups of meaningful models(R_(c)^(2)≥0.659,P<0.05,n=6);In E-tongue method,three kinds of taste information were analyzed,and 36 groups of IZ-ln C and IZ-I were superimposed binary,all of which fitted meaningful models(R_(c)^(2)≥0.689,P<0.05,n=6).There were 60 groups of ternary superposition IZ-ln C and IZ-I,52 groups of meaningful models were fitted(R_(c)^(2)≥0.662,P<0.05,n=6);In IZo-IZe,there were 18 groups of binary superposition,and eight groups of meaningful linear models were fitted(R_(c)^(2)≥0.727,P<0.05,n=6);A total of 30 groups of ternary su

关 键 词：中药饮片水煎液 苦度叠加 电子舌 经典人群口尝评价 生物碱类 黄连 黄柏 苦参 萜类 穿心莲 野菊花 苦楝皮 糖苷类 龙胆 黄芩 连翘 

分 类 号：R283.6[医药卫生—中药学]