自噬与糖尿病性视网膜病变的研究进展  

Research progress of autophagy and diabetic retinopathy

作　　者：梁旭[1] 张悦[1] 陈伟[1] LIANG Xu;ZHANG Yue;CHEN Wei(Department of 2nd Vitreous and Retina,Tianjin Eye Hospital,Tianjin 300020,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市眼科医院玻璃体二科,天津300020

出　　处：《中国城乡企业卫生》2021年第2期49-51,共3页Chinese Journal of Urban and Rural Enterprise Hygiene

基　　金：国家自然基金委员会资助项目(81500705);天津市眼科医院院内科研项目(YKZD1907)。

摘　　要：随着生活水平的不断提高,糖尿病患者的数量逐年增多。作为糖尿病患者严重的并发症之一,糖尿病视网膜病变的患者也日益增多。目前对于糖尿病视网膜病变的机制,仍然不明确。近年来自噬在糖尿病视网膜病变的发生发展中所起的作用成为了临床研究的热点。在糖尿病视网膜病变的发生和发展中,自噬的调控与生长因子、胰岛素、营养物质及能量水平等多种因素引起的多条细胞内反应途径密切相关。自噬的基本过程主要是通过自噬体的作用来调节细胞内的动态平衡,其中通过几种不同的途径来保证调控的精确性。在糖尿病视网膜病变中,自噬发挥着双重作用,其中线粒体在其中发挥了重要作用。此外在缺血和缺氧条件下,缺氧可激活低氧诱导因子(HIF-l),通过转录因子Bnip3及Bnip3L的过表达,使Bcl-2蛋白释放出Beclin 1,从而激活Beclin 1相关的自噬通路。本文综述了自噬在糖尿病视网膜病变中作用的研究进展,为探明糖尿病视网膜病变的发病机制提供帮助。With the continuous improvement of living standards,the number of diabetic patients is increasing year by year.As one of the serious complications of diabetic patients,the number of patients with diabetic retinopathy is also increasing day by day.At present,the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy is still unclear.In recent years,the role of autophagy in the occurrence and development of diabetic retinopathy has become a hotspot in clinical research.In the occurrence and development of diabetic retinopathy,the regulation of autophagy is closely related to multiple intracellular response pathways caused by various factors such as growth factors,insulin,nutrients and energy levels.The basic process of autophagy is mainly to regulate the homeostasis of cells through the action of autophagosomes,which through several different approaches to ensure the accuracy of regulation.In diabetic retinopathy,autophagy plays a dual role,among them,mitochondria plays an important role.In addition,under hypoxic and ischemic conditions,hypoxia can also activate hypoxia inducible factor-1(HIF-1),and through the overexpression of transcription factors Bnip3 and Bnip3L,Bcl-2 protein is released out of Beclin 1,thereby activating the Beclin 1 related autophagy pathway.This article reviews the research progress of the role of autophagy in diabetic retinopathy,in order to provide help to explore the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy.

关 键 词：自噬 糖尿病 糖尿病视网膜病变 

分 类 号：R774[医药卫生—眼科]