高分七号卫星双波束激光测高仪在轨几何检校与试验验证  

GF-7 dual-beam laser altimeter on-orbit geometric calibration and test verification

作　　者：唐新明 谢俊峰 莫凡 窦显辉 李新[2] 李少宁 李松[4] 黄庚华[5] 付兴科 刘仁 朱广彬 欧阳斯达 唐洪钊 陈辉 TANG Xinming;XIE Junfeng;MO Fan;DOU Xianhui;LI Xin;LI Shaoning;LI Song;HUANG Genghua;FU Xingke;LIU Ren;ZHU Guangbin;OUYANG Sida;TANG Hongzhao;CHEN Hui(Land Satellite Remote Sensing Application Center, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100048, China;Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Science, Hefei 230031, China;National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Geo-Spatial Information Technology,Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China;Electronic information school,Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China;Shanghai Institutes of Technology Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 200083, China)

机构地区：[1]自然资源部国土卫星遥感应用中心,北京100048 [2]中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院,安徽合肥230031 [3]湖南科技大学空间信息技术国家地方联合工程实验室,湖南湘潭411201 [4]武汉大学电子信息学院,湖北武汉430072 [5]中国科学院上海技术物理研究所,上海200083

出　　处：《测绘学报》2021年第3期384-395,共12页Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica

基　　金：国家国防科技工业局科学预先研究项目(D040105,D040106);科技部重点研发计划(2017YFB0504201);国家自然科学基金(42001416,41771360,41971426);科技部重点研发计划国际合作项目(2020YFE0200800);北京市科协金桥工程种子资金(ZZ19013);高分测绘应用示范项目二期(42-Y30B04-9001-19/21);自然资源部高层次科技创新人才工程杰出青年人才资助项目(12110600000018003930)。

摘　　要：高分七号卫星装载了国内首台双波束对地观测激光测高仪,用于辅助两线阵光学相机实现1∶1万立体测图。由于卫星发射时的振动及入轨后空间环境变化,激光测高仪在轨指向等参数相对于实验室标定值发生较大偏移,直接影响激光测高精度。针对高分七号双波束激光测高仪,本文提出了由粗到精的“两步法”在轨几何检校方案。首先,构建单波束激光在轨几何检校模型,基于特殊波形分析来估算激光足印落点位置信息,实现单波束激光指向粗检校;然后,以单波束激光在轨几何检校模型为基础,构建双波束激光在轨几何检校模型,在大气延迟改正、潮汐改正等基础上,采用地面探测器阵列捕获光斑,实现双波束激光指向测距联合检校。最后,采用平静湖面上的激光测高数据和地面控制数据,分别验证激光检校后相对和绝对高程测量精度。试验结果表明:高分七号卫星激光高程测量相对精度优于0.06 m(1σ),平坦地区的绝对测高精度达到0.10 m(1σ)。The GF-7 satellite is carrying the Chinese first dual-beam laser altimeter system for earth observation,aimed at assisting stereo optical cameras to realize 1∶10000 mapping.Due to the influence of the vibration of the satellite during launch and the difference of environment between space and ground,the calibration values of the altimetry parameters on ground are deviated from the actual values in space.In order to improve the altimetry,a two-step on-orbit geometric calibration scheme from coarse to fine is proposed for the GF-7 dual-beam laser altimeter.Firstly,a single beam laser on-orbit geometric calibration model is constructed to estimate the location of the laser footprints based on the typical waveform analysis,so as to realize the single beam laser rough calibration.Secondly,based on the geometric calibration model of single beam laser,the geometric calibration model of dual-beam laser is constructed.Considering the factors such as atmospheric delay and tidal correction,the spot is captured by ground detector array as the ground control point,and realize the joint precision calibration of dual-beam laser.Finally,the relative and absolute elevation measurement accuracy after calibration was verified by using the laser altimeters data on the calm lake surface and the ground control data.The experimental results show that the relative accuracy of laser elevation measurement of GF-7 satellite is better than 0.06 m(1σ),and the absolute accuracy of laser elevation measurement in flat areas is up to 0.10 m(1σ).

关 键 词：高分七号卫星 激光测高仪 高程测量精度 在轨几何检校 精度验证 

分 类 号：P237[天文地球—摄影测量与遥感]