论言语行为中有效性主张的经验向度  

On the Empirical Dimension of Validity Claims in the Speech Acts

作　　者：王彦龙 杜世洪[2] WANG Yan-long;DU Shi-hong(College of International Studies,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;Research Center for Modern Linguistics and Foreign Language Education,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学外国语学院,重庆400715 [2]西南大学外国语言学与外语教育研究中心,重庆400715

出　　处：《内蒙古社会科学》2021年第2期53-58,共6页Inner Mongolia Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“英汉渲染式断言句固化效应的认知语用研究”(编号:20BYY012)。

摘　　要：有效性主张具有先验和经验的双重特性。哈贝马斯基于共识言语行为重构了实现交往行为的有效性条件,即命题的真实性、规范的正确性和表达的真诚性。但这些主张只能为现实世界的互动行为所评估,需不断接受日常经验的检验。用哈贝马斯的弱先验论审视有效性主张在商谈和策略性言语行为中的兑现情况可以得出,在商谈中,论证话语是有效性主张的兑现形式,是论证理由和论证策略的有机统一;在策略性言语行为中,以言取效是其实质特征,有效性主张在此类言语行为中遭到悬隔。在达成共识的过程中,有效性主张可为有效管控分歧和解决冲突发挥作用。Validity claims have dual features:transcendental and empirical.Habermas reconstructs the validity conditions for the realization of communicative actions based on consensual speech acts:truth of propositions,rightness of norms and sincerity of expressions.These validity claims,however,are assessed only by real-world interactions and tested against everyday experience.By examining the recognition of validity claims in discourse and strategic speech acts from Habermas's weak transcendentalism,it is concluded that in discourse argumentation is both the vindication of validity claims and the organic unity of argumentative reasons and strategies while in strategic speech acts which are characteristically perlocutionary validity claims are suspended.In the process of reaching consensus,validity claims play an important part in effectively addressing disagreements and resolving conflicts.

关 键 词：哈贝马斯 有效性主张 商谈 策略性言语行为 

分 类 号：B516.59[哲学宗教—外国哲学]