自动驾驶汽车的交通事故侵权责任研究  

Research on Tort Liability of AutonomousVehicles for Traffic Accidents

作　　者：尤婷 刘健[1] YOU Ting;LIU Jian(School of Low of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China)

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学法学院,湖南长沙410081

出　　处：《湘潭大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2021年第2期32-36,共5页Journal of Xiangtan University:Philosophy And Social Sciences

摘　　要：随着人工智能的迅猛发展,自动驾驶汽车已经成为了现实。一方面,自动驾驶汽车能够降低交通事故发生的概率、缓解日常交通拥堵的压力、扫除部分驾驶人员的驾驶障碍、提高生态环境的质量;另一方面,自动驾驶汽车在行使过程中并不是绝对安全,引发交通事故侵权责任承担难题。在现行的法律体系中自动驾驶汽车对交通事故责任存在主体缺位或难以确定、过错标准认定困难和保险赔偿机制不畅等。因此,在兼顾技术发展与维护受害人合法权益之前提下,可以根据不同驾驶模式,区分并明确自动驾驶系统与所有人、使用人的义务和责任。引入黑匣子技术判断事故发生时是处于自动驾驶模式还是人工驾驶模式,更有利于维护各方主体利益。同时为了有效的救济受害人,促进自动驾驶汽车的发展,需重塑自动驾驶汽车的保险机制。With the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology,autonomous vehicles have already become a reality.On the one hand,autonomous vehicles can help to reduce the probability of traffic accidents,alleviate the stress of daily traffic jams,remove the driving obstacles to some drivers,and improve the quality of the ecological environment.On the other hand,an autonomous vehicle is not absolutely safe in the driving process,which will cause problems of tort liability for traffic accidents.In the current legal system,there is an absence or difficulty in determining the responsibility of autonomous driving vehicles for traffic accidents,the fault standard is difficult to identify and the insurance compensation mechanism is not smooth.Therefore,while taking into account the development of technology and the protection of the legitimate rights and interests of the victims,we can possibly distinguish and clarify the obligations and responsibilities of the autonomous driving system,the owner and the user according to different driving modes.Introducing black box technology to determine whether the accident happened when the vehicle is in an automatic driving mode or in a manual driving mode,is more conducive to safeguarding the interests of all parties.At the same time,in order to provide effective relief to the victims and promote the development of autonomous vehicles,it is necessary to reshape the insurance mechanism of autonomous vehicles.

关 键 词：人工智能 自动驾驶汽车 交通事故责任 

分 类 号：DF529[政治法律—民商法学]