邻苯二甲酸二丁酯和邻苯二甲酸单丁酯对小麦种子萌发及幼苗保护酶活性的影响  

Effects of Dibutyl Phthalate and Monobutyl Phthalate on Wheat Seed Germination and Protective Enzyme Activity of Seedling

作　　者：孙淑 张晓琦 赵乐 周震峰[1,2] SUN Shu;ZHANG Xiaoqi;ZHAO Le;ZHOU Zhenfeng(College of Resources & Environment,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao 266109,China;Qingdao Research Center of Rural Environmental Engineering,Qingdao 266109,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学资源与环境学院,山东青岛266109 [2]青岛市农村环境工程研究中心,山东青岛266109

出　　处：《华北农学报》2020年第S01期145-151,共7页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41201507,41301552);青岛市民生计划项目(13-1-3-103-nsh);山东省“两区”建设专项资金项目(2011-黄-19);青岛农业大学大学生创新创业训练项目(2020-651)。

摘　　要：为了探明邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)和邻苯二甲酸单丁酯(MBP)的生物毒性效应,选择小麦作为供试植物,通过种子萌发试验考察了DBP和MBP对小麦种子发芽、根和芽伸长的影响,通过水培试验对比研究了DBP和MBP对小麦幼苗保护酶活性的影响。结果表明,DBP和MBP对小麦种子的发芽率、根长和芽长均具有显著的抑制作用,浓度水平越高抑制作用越强。DBP与MBP对种子发芽率和芽长的影响无显著差异(P>0.05),但在5,10 mg/L浓度水平下,DBP对根长的抑制率显著高于MBP。随着DBP和MBP浓度的升高,小麦幼苗的SOD、CAT、POD酶活性均呈现先升高后降低的趋势,在20 mg/L浓度水平下达到最高值,而MDA含量则持续增高。在低浓度(5,10 mg/L)和高浓度(80 mg/L)水平下,DBP和MBP对SOD、CAT、POD酶活性的影响均未表现出显著差异(P>0.05)。鉴于MBP与DBP均会影响小麦种子萌发和幼苗保护酶活性,而MBP是土壤中DBP降解过程的重要中间产物,因此,MBP对作物的毒害作用需引起更多的关注。In order to explore biological toxicological effects of dibutyl phthalate(DBP)and monobutyl phthalate(MBP),wheat was selected as the tested plants to investigate the effects of DBP and MBP on seed germination,root and shoot elongation by seed germination experiment.The hydroponic method was used to compare the effects of DBP and MBP on protective enzyme activity of wheat seedlings.The results showed that DBP and MBP were found to obviously inhibit seed germination,elongation and shoot elongation,and the inhibitory action was stronger with the concentration increasing of DBP and MBP.For seed germination rate and shoot elongation,the effects of DBP and MBP were not significantly different(P>0.05).However,the inhibition rate of DBP on root length was significantly higher than MBP at concentration of 5,10 mg/L.With the concentration of DBP and MBP increased,the activity of SOD,CAT and POD of wheat seedling first increased and then decreased,while the content of MDA increased continuously.At concentration of 20 mg/L,the protective enzyme activity all arrived peak value.There were no significant differences in activity of SOD,CAT and POD between treatments of DBP and MBP(P>0.05)at low concentration(5,10 mg/L)and high concentration(80 mg/L).Since MBP and DBP both affect wheat seed germination and protective enzyme activity of seedling,and MBP is an important intermediate product of DBP degradation process in soil,therefore,the toxic effects of MBP on crops should attract more attention.

关 键 词：DBP MBP 小麦 种子 幼苗 生理指标 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学] S512.01[农业科学—作物学]