汉语体动词的时间指称特性  

Temporal Reference Properties of Chinese Aspectual Verbs

作　　者：陆志军[1] Lu Zhijun(School of Foreign Languages,Guangdong University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006,China)

机构地区：[1]广东工业大学外国语学院,510006

出　　处：《北京第二外国语学院学报》2020年第6期106-123,共18页Journal of Beijing International Studies University

摘　　要：“体动词”的概念有助于学界探析汉语中“开始”等动词,但现有研究对汉语体动词的时间指称特性探讨得还不够深入。汉语的8个体动词(开始、保持、持续、继续、重复、恢复、停止、终止)在事件预设和时间指称特性方面表现出不同的体特征,体现了后接子句所指涉事件的不同时间结构。汉语体动词的时间指称图示能够决定体动词对不同情状类型的具体选择情形。与汉语体动词共现的情状类型匹配度从高到低依次为:活动动词〉复变动词=瞬时动词>状态动词>完结动词=达成动词。The term "aspectual verb" help scholars to deeply analyze Chinese verbs such as kaishi.The existing research literature contains no deep investigations of the temporal reference properties of Chinese aspectual verbs.Eight Chinese aspectual verbs (kaishi,baochi,chixu,jixu,chongfu,huifu,tingzhi,and zhongzhi) show different aspectual properties in terms of event presupposition and temporal reference schemas,and exhibit different time structures of their complement clauses.The temporal reference schemas of Chinese aspectual verbs can determine their selection in different types of situations.The compatibility order for Chinese aspectual verbs to occur with situation types is:activities > degree achievements=semelfactives > states >accomplishments=achievements.

关 键 词：汉语体动词 时间指称 体特征 时间指称图示 情状类型 

分 类 号：H146.3[语言文字—汉语]