哲学建设:我国科技强国建设的“三十年之艾”  

Cultivation of Philosophy: 30-Year Mugwort for China to Build Itself into World Power of Science and Technology

作　　者：张月鸿 蒋芳[1] 刘登伟 ZHANG Yuehong;JIANG Fang;LIU Dengwei(Bureau of Development and Planning,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100864,China;Publicity and Education Center of the Ministry of Water Resources,Beijing 100038,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院发展规划局,北京100864 [2]水利部宣传教育中心,北京100038

出　　处：《中国科学院院刊》2021年第3期319-327,共9页Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences

摘　　要：新中国成立70多年来,我国科技发展成就辉煌,但一些"瓶颈"问题也日益凸显。面向未来30年的科技强国建设,首先必须深入探查问题表面症状背后的根源,找到制约科学发展的核心阻力,开出针对性的药方。文章通过对"李约瑟难题"和"钱学森之问"的历史脉络和我国科技发展"瓶颈"问题的哲学根源进行分析推演,提出"哲学的贫困"可能是我国科技发展"瓶颈"问题的根源;并从哲学对科学的作用和影响的角度,进一步论证了"哲学的贫困"是我国无法建立自主的科学体系、原始创新匮乏、科学大师缺失、学术生态恶化等问题的主要原因。文章针对哲学建设的特点和困境,引用孟子关于"七年之病,求三年之艾"的论述进行类比,提出哲学建设是我国科技强国建设的"三十年之艾",应当采取"苟为不畜,终身不得"的策略,在国家战略层面进行系统实施;同时,也要在哲学的引领下进行更加统筹平衡、系统深入、成熟定型的科技改革,为我国实现科技自立自强和建设科技强国奠定现实和长远的基础。Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China more than 70 years ago, China’s science and technology development has gained great achievements. However, some deep-rooted problems still pose serious impediments for China to build itself into a world power of science and technology in the next 30 years. It is a must for us to explore the root causes of these problems and find the solution. Through the analysis of the historical context of the "Needham Puzzle" and "Qian Xuesen’s Question", as well as the philosophical origin of the bottleneck of China’s science and technology development, this study proposed that "poverty of philosophy" is probably the root cause of the problem hindering S&T development in China. This study analyzed the influence of philosophy on science and technology, and further proved that "poverty of philosophy" is one of the root causes for China’s inability to establish an independent scientific system, to train distinguished scientists, to accomplish original innovation, and to build a healthy academic ecology. By analogy with famous Mencius statement: "To cure a disease lasting for seven years, one must seek mugwort stored for three years", this study proposed that the cultivation of philosophy is the "mugwort stored for thirty years" to boost China’s endeavor for a world power of science and technology. Moreover, we suggested that the government should implement the cultivation of philosophy as one of national strategies. It is necessary to strengthen the construction of philosophy while deepening the reform of science and technology system in a more mature and systematic way, so as to lay a realistic and long-term foundation for China’s endeavor for a world power of science and technology.

关 键 词：科技强国 李约瑟难题 钱学森之问 哲学的贫困 哲学建设 

分 类 号：N02[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]