注意促进运动知觉判断的时间进程  

Temporal dynamics of eye movements and attentional modulation in perceptual judgments of structure-from-motion(SFM)

作　　者：丁锦红 汪亚珉 姜扬[2] DING Jinhong;WANG Yamin;JIANG Yang(Beijing Key Lab of Learning and Cognition,Collage of Psychology,Capital Normal University,Beijing,100048,China;Department of Behavioral Science,College of Medicine,University of Kentucky,Lexington,KY 40536-0086,USA)

机构地区：[1]北京市“学习与认知”重点实验室,首都师范大学心理学院,北京100048 [2]肯塔基大学医学院行为科学系,美国肯塔基40536-0086

出　　处：《心理学报》2021年第4期337-348,共12页Acta Psychologica Sinica

基　　金：首都师范大学交叉科学研究院项目资助。

摘　　要：本研究通过控制深度视觉线索,分析3D SFM(structure from motion)知觉中的眼动特征,探讨注意对SFM知觉判断的影响及其时间进程。结果显示,有线索刺激比模糊刺激的判断更加快、更加肯定(百分比更高);眼睛移动方向和微眼跳方向都分别与知觉判断的运动方向具有一致性;微眼跳频次、峰速度和幅度也都分别表现出深度线索的促进效应。实验结果表明,SFM知觉过程大致分为速度计算和构建三维结构两个阶段;注意对SFM知觉的调节作用主要发生在构建三维结构阶段;注意从150 ms开始指向选择对象,驻留持续约200 ms后,从局部运动矢量流转移到整体运动方向的知觉判断。How attention plays a role in resolving ambiguous perceptual judgments is one of the age-old scientific questions.Understanding the processes of perceptual grouping,switching,processing speed,and awareness is a key step towards solving significant problems in applications such as computer vision and automatic driving involving three-dimensional space.The rotating three-dimensional(3D)structure from motion(SFM)is a well-known bistable ambiguous stimulus.Thus far,it is still an open question how attention,eye movements,and depth cues modulate perceptual judgments of rotating directions of a 3D SFM.As early as 1925,motion perception resulted from eye tracking signals was proposed by Helmholtz(Cavanagh,1992).Pomerantz(1970)claimed that eye movement plays an important role in the occurrence of kinesthetic perception.Furthermore,neuroscience studies has supported a common neural basis for eye movement and attention transfer(Grosbras,Laird&Paus,2005).The current study aimed to investigate the characteristics and the time course of eye movements during SFM perception by controlling exogenous visual cues and ascertain the effect of attention on SFM perception.Using advanced eyemovements analysis,we investigated how attention under both unambiguous and ambiguous depth cues modulate perceptual judgments of rotation directions in deepth.Twenty-two college students(10 males and 12 females),mean age 22,participated in this experiment.Their task was to indicate the rotation directions of 3D SFM by pressing the left(for clockwise CW percept from top view)or the right key of a mouse(for CCW percept)with their left or right thumb.A computer simulated structure-from-motion(a 3D rotating sphere)was created via 30 coherently moving dots with 0.2°diameter each along with an elliptical trajectory of different radii at a mean velocity of 5°/s.The luminant dots were randomly distributed in a spherical area extended 5°×5°.Under unambiguous depth cue condition,dots were fully illuminated in the half of their trajectories and partially

关 键 词：整体运动 注意 微眼跳 时间进程 知觉分组 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]