视觉工作记忆的过滤效能  

The filtering efficiency in visual working memory

作　　者：张照 张力为 龚然 ZHANG Zhao;ZHANG Liwei;GONG Ran(School of Psychology,Beijing Sport University,Beijing 100084,China;Faculty of Table Tennis,Badminton and Tennis,Chengdu Sport University,Chengdu 610041,China;College of Cabin Attendant,Civil Aviation University of China,Tianjin 300300,China)

机构地区：[1]北京体育大学心理学院,北京100084 [2]成都体育学院小球系,成都610041 [3]中国民航大学乘务学院,天津300300

出　　处：《心理科学进展》2021年第4期635-651,共17页Advances in Psychological Science

基　　金：国家科技冬奥重点研发计划项目(2019YFF0301600)。

摘　　要：过滤效能反映了视觉工作记忆的干扰抑制功能,研究者可基于储存容量或表征精度对其进行测量,其神经加工过程主要分为觉察分心项目、过滤启动、实现过滤或储存,涉及前额叶皮层和基底核、后顶叶皮层的协同作用。过滤效能的变化方向受到年龄、特殊障碍、情绪、认知特点等因素的影响。未来研究仍需解决的问题包括厘清过滤效能与工作记忆容量的关系,辨明过滤效能的心理实现过程,探索不同年龄、特殊障碍和职业等群体过滤效能的脑机制以及提升基础研究范式的生态学效度。The filtering efficiency is the mechanism to inhibit irrelevant items from entering visual working memory,studies have shown that it can be measured through working memory capacity or representation precision.The neural processes underlie filtering efficiency are the presence of distractors,initiation of filtering,and filtering success/unnecessary storage,which are orchestrated by the prefrontal cortex and the basal ganglia,the posterior parietal cortex.The filtering efficiency’s changing directions are affected by age,mental/neurological disorders,emotions,cognitive characteristics et al.Future studies should further clarify the relationship between filtering efficiency and working memory capacity,identify the mental process of filtering efficiency,explore the brain mechanism of filtering efficiency among various groups,and improve the ecological validity of experimental paradigms.

关 键 词：过滤效能 视觉工作记忆 神经机制 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]