元曲“四大家”与“六大家”说论辩  

On the Argumentation Theory of“Four Masters”and“Six Masters”in Yuanqu

作　　者：元鹏飞[1] YUAN Pengfei(School of Literature,Northwest University,710127,Xi’an,China)

机构地区：[1]西北大学文学院,西安710127

出　　处：《北方工业大学学报》2020年第6期82-87,96,共7页Journal of North China University of Technology

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国戏曲文物文献搜集整理与研究”(17ZDA244)。

摘　　要：元代周德清《中原音韵》率先标举“关白马郑”时,无暇顾及是书之后成就卓著的曲家,则明人何良俊籍此首倡元曲“四大家”造成的问题不仅有四人的排序,及王实甫何以被排除在外等,还存在忽视后期卓有成就曲家的误区。据现有资料的数理统计,综合审视元曲作家在杂剧和散曲两方面的成就,可以考定的元曲“四大家”当为关汉卿、马致远、乔吉和郑光祖。但从文学价值和文学史价值复合角度看,白朴和王实甫也是毋庸置疑的元曲大家,因此,元曲“四大家”倘能更定为“六大家”就更合乎事实了。When Zhou Deqing s Zhongyuan Phonology was the first to mark“Guan Baima Zheng”,he had no time to considerthose great wietres after that book.Thus when He Liangjun of the Ming Dynasty address GuanBaiMaZheng as the four masters of Yuanqu,the problems caused by this initiative were not only the order of these four people,but also the reason why Wang Shifu was excluded,and the misunderstanding of neglecting the outstanding composers in the later period.According to the mathematical statistics of the existing materials and the comprehensive survey of the achievements of the Yuan opera writers in the two aspects of Zaju and Sanqu,we can test the“four masters”of Yuan opera as Guan Hanqing,Ma Zhiyuan,Qiao Ji and Zheng Guangzu.However,from the perspective of the combination of literary value and literary history value,Bai Pu and Wang Shifu are also undoubtedly the masters of Yuan opera.Therefore,if the“four masters”of Yuan opera can be changed into“six masters”,it will be more realistic.

关 键 词：元曲 “四大家” 六大家 乔吉 王实甫 文学史价值 

分 类 号：F091[经济管理—政治经济学]