府谷县测土配方施肥玉米马铃薯和糜子“3414”肥料效应研究  

Study on Fertilizer Effect of’3414’Experiments for Maize,Potato and Proso Millet by Soil Testing and Formulated Fertilization in Fugu County

作　　者：赵慧渊 党科 冯佰利[1] ZHAO Hui-yuan;DANG Ke;FENG Bai-li(College of Agronomy of Northwest A&F University/State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas,Yangling 712100,China;Fugu Agricultural Technology Extension and Service Center,Fugu 719499,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学农学院/旱区作物逆境生物学国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100 [2]府谷县农业技术推广服务中心,陕西府谷719499

出　　处：《河北农业科学》2021年第1期1-8,共8页Journal of Hebei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家谷子高粱产业技术体系项目(CARS-13.5-06-A26);国家“十二五”科技支撑计划项目(2014BAD07B03);陕西省小杂粮产业技术体系项目(NYKJ-2018-YL19)。

摘　　要：为了提高肥料利用率和减少用量,增加作物产量和经济效益,以玉米品种哲单7号、马铃薯品种紫花白和糜子品种榆糜2号为研究对象,采用"3414"测土配方试验方案进行府谷县玉米、马铃薯和糜子的配方施肥研究,建立玉米、马铃薯和糜子产量与氮(N)、磷(P_(2)O_(5))、钾(K_(2)O)施肥量的回归方程,分别得到府谷县玉米、马铃薯和糜子在不同产量水平试点的最佳效益施肥量。结果表明:玉米高产试点N、P_(2)O_(5)、K_(2)O施肥量分别为89.7、62.3和32.9 kg/hm^(2),中产试点N、P_(2)O_(5)、K_(2)O施肥量分别为97.2、83.9和0 kg/hm^(2);马铃薯中产试点N、P_(2)O_(5)、K_(2)O施肥量分别为124.5、160.4和61.5 kg/hm^(2),低产试点N、P_(2)O_(5)、K_(2)O施肥量分别为103.7、14.4和43.8 kg/hm^(2);糜子中产试点N、P_(2)O_(5)、K_(2)O施肥量分别为122.7、100.5和25.5 kg/hm^(2),低产试点N、P_(2)O_(5)、K_(2)O施肥量分别为57.9、98.1和0 kg/hm^(2)。基于作物产量、最佳效益施肥量、土壤养分状况和函数模型,拟定府谷县玉米的N、P_(2)O_(5)、K_(2)O推荐施肥量分别为150~270、30~120和120~240 kg/hm^(2),马铃薯的N、P_(2)O_(5)、K_(2)O推荐施肥量分别为45~120、30~75和75~180 kg/hm^(2),糜子的N、P_(2)O_(5)、K_(2)O推荐施肥量分别为75~120、60~120和0~45 kg/hm^(2)。In order to improve the utilization rate of fertilizer and reduce the amount of fertilizer,and increase the yield and economic benefits of crops,taking maize variety Zhedan No.7,potato variety Zihuabai and proso millet variety Yumi No.2 as the research objects,the 3414 soil testing formula test scheme was used to study the formula fertilization.The regression equations between millet yield and nitrogen fertilizer(N),phosphate fertilizer(P)and potassium fertilizer(K),respectively were established,and the best benefit fertilization amount of maize,potato and proso millet at different production points in Fugu County.The results showed that the application of N,P_(2) O_(5) and K_(2) O fertilizers at high yield point of maize was 89.7 kg/hm^(2),62.3 kg/hm^(2)and 32.9 kg/hm^(2),respectively,which was 97.2 kg/hm^(2),83.9 kg/hm^(2)和0 kg/hm^(2)at middle yield point,respectively.The application of N,P_(2) O_(5) and K_(2) O fertilizers at middle yield point of potato was 124.5 kg/hm^(2),160.4 kg/hm^(2)and 61.5 kg/hm^(2),respectively,which was 103.7 kg/hm^(2),14.4 kg/hm^(2)and 43.8 kg/hm^(2)at low yield point,respectively.The application of N,P2 O5 and K2 O fertilizers at middle yield point of proso millet was122.7 kg/hm^(2),100.5 kg/hm^(2)and 25.5 kg/hm^(2),respectively,which was 57.9 kg/hm^(2),98.1 kg/hm^(2)and 0 kg/hm^(2),respectively.Based on crop yield,optimal fertilization amount,soil nutrient status and function model,the recommended N,P,and K fertilizer amounts for maize in Fugu County are 150-270 kg/hm^(2),30-120 kg/hm^(2),and 120-240 kg/hm^(2),respectively,those for potato are 45-120 kg/hm^(2),30-75 kg/hm^(2)and75-180 kg/hm^(2),respectively,and those for proso millet are 75-120 kg/hm^(2),60-120 kg/hm^(2)and 0-45 kg/hm^(2),respectively.

关 键 词：测土配方施肥 “3414”肥效试验 玉米 马铃薯 糜子 产量 

分 类 号：S147.2[农业科学—肥料学] S-3[农业科学—农业基础科学]