阿尔茨海默症诊断和监测的唾液生物标记物  

Salivary biomarkers for diagnosis and monitoring of Alzheimer’s disease

作　　者：彭亚会[1] 李冀宏[1] 惠洋[1] 高旭[1] PENG Yahui;LI Jihong;HUI Yang;GAO Xu(Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,Harbin Medical University,Harbin 150086,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学生物化学与分子生物学教研室,哈尔滨150086

出　　处：《生命的化学》2021年第1期49-54,共6页Chemistry of Life

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81671255);黑龙江省大学生创新创业训练项目(S202010226045)。

摘　　要：阿尔茨海默症(Alzheimer′s disease, AD)是全世界老年人群中最常见的神经退行性疾病,也是导致中枢神经系统不可逆和渐进性恶化的疾病。AD病发后尚无治愈手段,而AD的病理表现早于临床发病十多年,在显著的脑损伤出现前疾病修正疗法可能迟滞疾病的进程,因此迫切需要发掘适用的AD生物标记物从而利于早期诊断、预防及监测疾病进程。唾液具有采样简单、廉价、无创、无副作用等优势,非常适合作为AD早期的检测样本源。本文将对近年来发现的唾液AD生物标记物予以综述,重点是β-淀粉样蛋白、微管相关蛋白tau、乳铁蛋白和乙酰胆碱酯酶。Alzheimer′s disease(AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease among the aged population all over the world. It also leads to irreversible and progressive deterioration of the central nervous system. There is no cure method after the onset of AD, however, the pathological manifestations of AD are over ten years earlier than the clinical onset. Before the appearance of significant brain injury, the diseasemodifying treatment is likely to delay the progress of the disease. It is urgent to find and treat the earlier AD biomarkers, so as to facilitate early diagnosis, prevention and monitoring of the AD process. Saliva has unique advantages as a sample source for AD detection due to its simple sampling, low cost, non-invasive, no sideeffects. In this paper, the biomarkers of salivary AD in recent years are reviewed, focusing on β-amyloid protein, microtube associated protein tau, lactoferrin and acetylcholinesterase.

关 键 词：阿尔茨海默症 临床诊断 疾病监测 唾液生物标记物 

分 类 号：R749.16[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]