新疆和江苏两家三甲医院临床分离菌的比较研究  

Comparison of clinical bacterial isolates in two Grade-A tertiary hospitals in Xinjiang and Jiangsu

作　　者：单琼 张艳[2] 孙艳[1] 崔彦 SHAN Qiong;ZHANG Yan;SUN Yan;CUI Yan(Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang Jiangsu 212001;Fourth Division Hospital of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏大学附属医院,江苏镇江212001 [2]新疆生产建设兵团四师医院

出　　处：《中国消毒学杂志》2021年第1期36-39,42,共5页Chinese Journal of Disinfection

摘　　要：目的分析新疆和江苏2家三甲医院临床分离菌种类和耐药特点。方法采用回顾性分析方法,分析2017年1-12月2家医院住院患者送检标本细菌和耐药菌检出情况,统计2家医院耐药菌的科室分布及常见细菌的耐药率。结果2家医院临床分离菌皆以大肠埃希菌占首位,江苏某三甲医院以多重耐药鲍曼不动杆菌为最多,新疆某三甲医院以多重耐药大肠埃希菌为最多。江苏某三甲医院多重耐药菌(MDRO)主要分布在重症监护室;新疆某三甲医院MDRO主要分布在胸泌外科。江苏某三甲医院大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌和鲍曼不动杆菌对大多数抗菌药物的耐药率明显高于新疆某三甲医院,铜绿假单胞菌对氨曲南的耐药率明显低于新疆某三甲医院,金黄色葡萄球菌对苯唑西林、庆大霉素、环丙沙星和四环素的耐药率均明显高于新疆某三甲医院。结论2家三甲医院临床分离菌基本相似,但MDRO检出不同,需根据不同特点合理使用抗菌药物。Objective To analyze the types and drug resistance characteristics of clinical isolates in two Grade-A tertiary hospitals in Xinjiang and Jiangsu.Methods A retrospective analysis method was used to analyze the detection of bacteria and drug-resistant bacteria in the specimens submitted by inpatients in two hospitals from January to December 2017,and the distribution of drug-resistant bacteria and the drug resistance rate of common bacteria in two hospitals were compared.Results Escherichia coli accounted for the first place in clinical isolates of two hospitals.Acinetobacter baumannii was the most in multidrug-resistant organisms(MDROs)in a Grade-A tertiary hospital of Jiangsu,and Escherichia coli was the most in a Grade-A tertiary hospital of Xinjiang.MDROs were mainly distributed in the intensive care unit in a Grade-A tertiary hospital of Jiangsu,and the department of thoracic and urinary surgery in Xinjiang.The resistance rates of Escherichia coli,Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acinetobacter baumannii to most antibiotics in a Grade-A tertiary hospital in Jiangsu were significantly higher than that in Xinjiang.The resistance rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to aztreonam in a class-three hospital in Jiangsu was significantly lower than that in Xinjiang.The resistance rates of Staphylococcus aureus to oxacillin,gentamicin,ciprofloxacin and tetracycline were significantly higher than that in Xinjiang.Conclusion The clinical isolates of the two Grade-A tertiary hospitals are basically similar,but the detections of MDROs are different.It is necessary to rationally use antibiotics according to the characteristics of different regions.

关 键 词：细菌 多重耐药菌 耐药率 抗菌药物 

分 类 号：R446.5[医药卫生—诊断学] R378[医药卫生—临床医学]