20个马铃薯品种抗旱性鉴定及评价指标筛选  

Evaluation index selection and drought resistance identification of 20 potato varieties

作　　者：武新娟 唐贵 隋冬华 张冬雪 孙晶 张静华 张鹍 宋鹏慧 吴雨蹊 WU Xinjuan;TANG Gui;SUI Donghua;ZHANG Dongxue;SUN Jing;ZHANG Jinghua;ZHANG Kun;SONG Penghui;WU Yuxi(Institute of Rural Revitalization Science and Technology,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Harbin 150028,Heilongjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院乡村振兴科技研究所,哈尔滨150028

出　　处：《中国瓜菜》2021年第3期47-51,共5页China Cucurbits And Vegetables

基　　金：黑龙江省农业科学院“农业科技创新跨越工程”专项(HNK2019CX07);国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0200800)。

摘　　要：中国马铃薯生产区很大一部分在降雨不均或水资源不足地区,为满足此类地区品种需求,对马铃薯开展抗旱性评价。选择20个马铃薯常规栽培品种,在块茎膨大期对其植株叶片进行生理生化指标的测定,成熟期测产,综合评价抗旱性。结果表明,干旱胁迫对马铃薯块茎产量的影响极显著,胁迫后19个品种减产均达50%以上。测定的5个生理生化指标均与抗旱系数和指数之间存在不同程度的相关性,可以作为马铃薯品种抗旱性评价的指标。根据5个指标干旱胁迫后的测定数据计算隶属函数值,结合抗旱系数和抗旱指数评价品种抗性,筛选出克新19号、克新21号、成功、克新2号和东农303为抗旱性较强的品种。A large part of potato production areas are located in areas with uneven rainfall or insufficient water resources in China.In order to meet the variety needs of such areas,drought resistance evaluation of potato is extremely important.In this study,20 conventional potato cultivars were selected.By building rainproof awnings and adopting frame planting method,the physiological and biochemical indexes of their leaves were measured during tuber expansion period,and the yield was measured during maturity period to comprehensively evaluate drought resistance.The results showed that water stress has a very significant effect on yield,and the yield reduction after stress can reach more than 50%.The five physiological and biochemical indexes measured have different degrees of correlation significance with drought resistance coefficient and index,which can be considered as indexes for evaluating drought resistance of potato varieties.At the same time,membership function values were calculated according to the measured data of the five indexes after water stress,and the variety resistance was evaluated by combining the drought resistance coefficient and drought resistance index.It is considered that Kexin 19,Kexin 21,Chenggong,Kexin 2 and Dongnong303 are varieties with strong drought resistance.The results provide valuable theoretical basis for potato production and development in arid areas.

关 键 词：马铃薯 抗旱系数 抗旱指数 生理生化指标 隶属函数值 筛选 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]