饲料中赖氨酸和蛋氨酸水平对鲤鱼生长性能及全鱼、肌肉、内脏团氨基酸含量的影响  

Effects of Dietary Levels of Lysine and Methionine on Growth Performance and Contents of Amino Acids in Whole Fish,Muscle and Visceral Mass of Carp(Cyprinus carpio)

作　　者：张玲 刘凯[2] 张卫东 赵德福 张远方 ZHANG Ling;LIU Kai;ZHANG Weidong;ZHAO Defu;ZHANG Yanfang(Institute of Fish Nutrition,Henan Academy of Aquatic Sciences,Zhengzhou 450044,China;School of Landscape and Food Engineering,Xuchang Vocational Technical College,Xuchang 461000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省水产科学研究院鱼类营养所,郑州450044 [2]许昌职业技术学院园林与食品工程学院,许昌461000

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2021年第3期1618-1632,共15页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：河南省科技攻关计划项目(082102130011)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究饲料中赖氨酸(Lys)和蛋氨酸(Met)水平对鲤鱼生长性能和不同部位氨基酸含量的影响。试验选取初始体重为(211.5±10.3)g的鲤鱼为研究对象,采用3×5双因素试验设计,在基础饲料中分别添加Lys(0、0.47%和0.70%)和Met(0、0.15%、0.30%、0.45%和0.60%),配制成15种试验饲料。2640尾鱼随机分为15组,每组4个重复,每个重复44尾鱼,养殖周期8周。结果表明:1)饲料Lys与Met水平对鲤鱼生长无显著交互作用(P>0.05)。饲料Lys水平为0.47%和0.70%时,鲤鱼增重率和特定生长率均较未添加时有显著提高(P<0.05),饲料系数显著降低(P<0.05)。饲料Met水平为0.15%、0.30%、0.45%和0.60%时,鲤鱼增重率、蛋白质效率和特定生长率均较未添加时有显著提高(P<0.05),饲料系数显著降低(P<0.05)。2)饲料中Lys和Met水平对鲤鱼肌肉中除亮氨酸和天冬氨酸外的氨基酸含量均有显著交互作用(P<0.05)。饲料Lys水平对肌肉中16种氨基酸含量都有显著影响(P<0.05),饲料Met水平对肌肉中7种氨基酸含量有显著影响(P<0.05)。3)饲料中Lys和Met水平对鲤鱼内脏团16种氨基酸含量均无显著交互作用(P>0.05)。饲料Lys水平对内脏团的7种氨基酸含量有显著影响(P<0.05),饲料Met水平对内脏团的10种氨基酸含量有显著影响(P<0.05)。4)饲料中Lys和Met水平对全鱼16种氨基酸中5种氨基酸含量有显著交互作用(P<0.05)。饲料Lys水平对全鱼11种氨基含量有显著影响(P<0.05),饲料Met水平对全鱼9种氨基酸含量有显著影响(P<0.05)。以上结果表明,饲料中Lys和Met水平对鲤鱼有促生长作用,但鲤鱼对这2种氨基酸的添加水平变化不敏感。饲料中Lys更多用于机体的组织合成,而Met更多用于营养素的储备,从而说明Lys为本试验饲料配方的第一限制性氨基酸。The purpose of this experiment was to study the effects of dietary lysine(Lys)and methionine(Met)levels on the growth performance and amino acid contents in different parts of common carp.In this experiment,a total of 2640 common carps with initial body weight of(211.5±10.3)g were allocated into 15 groups with 4 replicates of 44 carps each.A 3×5 two factors was designed to formulate 15 kinds of diets with different levels of Lys(0,0.47%and 0.70%)and Met(0,0.15%,0.30%,0.45%and 0.60%).The feeding trail lasted for 8 weeks.The results showed as follows:1)the Lys and Met contents in diets did not show interaction effects on the growth of carp(P>0.05).When Lys levels were 0.47%and 0.70%,the weight gain rate and specific growth rate of carp were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the feed coefficient was significantly decreased(P<0.05).Fish fed diets with 0.15%to 0.6%Met,the weight gain rate,protein efficiency and specific growth rate were significantly improved(P<0.05),and the feed coefficient was significantly decreased(P<0.05).2)Dietary Lys and Met levels had interaction effects on amino acid contents except leucine and aspartic acid in carp muscle.Diets with Lys had significant functions in the contents of 16 kinds of amino acids(P<0.05).In contrast,diets with Met just had significant effects on the contents of 7 kinds of amino acids(P<0.05).3)There was no interaction effects on the visceral mass while diets with Lys and Met(P>0.05).The contents of 7 kinds of amino acids in visceral mass were extremely influenced by dietary Lys levels(P<0.05).Meanwhile,The contents of 10 kinds of amino acids in visceral mass were distinctly improved by dietary Met levels(P<0.05).4)There was interaction effects on the contents of 5 of 16 kinds of amino acids in whole fish when diets with Lys and Met.However,diets only with Lys had significant effects on 11 kinds of amino acid contents(P<0.05),and diets with Met also showed significant effects on 9 kinds of amino acid contents(P<0.05).All of the results identify that diets with Lys

关 键 词：鲤鱼 赖氨酸 蛋氨酸 生长 氨基酸沉积 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]