论康德实践哲学中的自由原则  

On the Principle of Freedom in Kant's Practical Philosophy

作　　者：宋金时 SONG Jin-shi(School of Philosophy,Wuhan University,Wuhan Hubei 430072,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学哲学学院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《廊坊师范学院学报（社会科学版）》2021年第1期88-94,共7页Journal of Langfang Normal University(Social Sciences Edition)

摘　　要：在实践哲学中,康德把自由表达为一种能够独立于感性经验的强迫而单独决定意志的原因性。自由的原因性有它自己的原则,可以被划分为适合于单一性范畴的主观准则、适合于多数性范畴的客观原则和适合于全体性范畴的自由法则。主观准则是纯粹通过个体的意向起作用的,本身无所谓道德价值;客观规矩通过明智的劝告起作用,对它的遵守不具有道德价值;自由法则通过对道德法则的敬重起作用,只有出于义务而服从法则的自由行动才具有道德价值。In practical philosophy,Kant expresses freedom in the practical sense as the independence of the power of choice from necessitation by impulses of sensibility.Freedom has its own principles,which can be divided into three categories:subjective practical opinions of the individual suitable for the category of unity,objective precepts suitable for the category of majority,and free laws suitable for the category of totality.Subjective practical opinions of the individual work purely through the intention of the individual,and they have no moral value.Objective precepts work through wise counsel,and their observance has no moral value.The law of freedom works through respect for the law of morality;only only out of obligation that obey the law has moral value.

关 键 词：康德 自由原则 实践原则 自由范畴表 

分 类 号：B516.31[哲学宗教—外国哲学]