海昏竹简《易》初探  

Tentative Research on the Changes Copied on the Bamboo Slips Unearthed from the Tomb of Marquis Haihun

作　　者：赖祖龙[1,2] LAI Zu-long

机构地区：[1]山东大学易学与中国古代哲学研究中心,山东济南250100 [2]山东大学哲学与社会发展学院,山东济南250100

出　　处：《周易研究》2020年第6期9-14,共6页Studies of Zhouyi

摘　　要：本文在海昏侯墓出土的180余枚《易》竹简中选取10枚进行释读。从释读来看,其内容主要由符号、说卦、彖、上下经、吉凶断辞五部分组成,这一体例与其他竹简《周易》存在很大差别。海昏竹简《易》是迄今所见的最早用后世通行的阴阳符号书写的文献,也是能够确定的最早在六十四卦下标注上下卦卦名的文献,对研究《易》文文本的传承与演变有重要意义。海昏竹简《易》也是首见"彖"字的出土《易》文文本,其彖文所涉六十四卦配合干支情况与清华简《筮法》传承系列既相联系,又有较大差异。海昏竹简《易》的卦名颇具特色,如今本乾作"建"、坤作"川"、坎作"臽"、离作"■"、震作"晨""侲"、艮作"根"、巽作"筭"、兑作"说"、否作"负"等,与诸本既有一定的交叉关系,又不完全相同。海昏侯墓葬同时出土了属于今本《周易》的六十四卦卦序与属于帛书《周易》的八卦卦序,对研究今本卦序与帛书卦序的关系与传承有一定价值。There are more than 180 bamboo slips inscribed with the content related to the Yijing unearthed from the tomb of Marquis Haihun. Here we choose and interpret 10 of them. It can be seen that the content is made up of five aspects of hexagrams, trigrams, judgment, orderly sequence, and deducing diction. This format is much different from other versions of Zhouyi on the unearthed bamboo slips. This manuscript is the earliest version which has the same signs of yin(■) and yang(■) lines in a hexagram as the received version of Zhouyi, and is hitherto the earliest version marking lower and upper trigrams in a hexagram, which is of great importance for the study of the transmission and evolution of the Changes. The manuscript is also the earliest version which contains the character tuan 彖(lit., judgment), the heavenly stems and earthly branches affiliated to which are close to Fei Zhi’s tradition of Changes, so there might be some origin relations between them. The names of the hexagrams in this version have a relation of cross-reference with the variety of versions of the Changes. In addition, both the order of the sixty-four hexagrams of the received version and the order of the eight trigrams of the Mawangdui silk version of the Zhouyi appear in this manuscript, which has certain value for the study the two orders of hexagrams.

关 键 词：海昏竹简《易》 《卜姓》 《去邑》 阴阳符号 说卦 彖 卦名 卦序 

分 类 号：B221[哲学宗教—中国哲学]