基于FPGA的红外成像系统及图像处理算法  

Infrared imaging system and image processing algorithm based on FPGA

作　　者：高美静[1,2] 彭春阳 李时雨 张博智 祖振龙 GAO Meijing;PENG Chunyang;LI Shiyu;ZHANG Bozhi;ZU Zhenlong(School of Information Science and Engineering,Yanshan University,Qinhuangdao,Hebei 066004,China;The Key Laboratory for Special Fiber and Fiber Sensor of Hebei Province,Qinhuangdao,Hebei 066004,China)

机构地区：[1]燕山大学信息科学与工程学院,河北秦皇岛066004 [2]河北省特种光纤与光纤传感重点实验室,河北秦皇岛066004

出　　处：《燕山大学学报》2021年第2期160-167,共8页Journal of Yanshan University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2019YFC1407900);国家自然科学基金资助项目(61971373);河北省自然科学基金资助项目(F2019203440)。

摘　　要：红外成像技术一直是光电子领域的热点课题,由于受红外自身成像特点、红外探测器件工艺限制及成像环境的影响,导致红外图像噪声大、对比度低,造成红外图像待测目标模糊、图像信噪比较低、无法有效识别目标等问题。同时,传统红外图像处理系统往往无法在提升红外视频图像质量的同时兼顾图像处理速度。因此为提升硬件条件下的红外图像质量和图像处理速度,本文采用FPGA作为红外图像处理系统核心处理器,搭建集图像采集、视频解码、数据缓存及显示等功能的红外图像成像系统,并基于该系统提出一种改进的红外图像处理算法提升红外图像质量,包括改进的中值滤波算法、伽马变换与直方图均衡化组合算法以及改进的伪彩色变换算法。仿真和系统实验结果表明本文提出的红外图像处理算法可以有效地改善红外成像质量并保持红外图像的处理速度,提升了红外成像系统的性能。Infrared imaging technology is a hot topic in the field of optoelectronics.Infrared imaging is affected by imaging characteristics,infrared detector technology limitations and imaging environment,resulting image noise and low image contrast,causing target fuzzy,low signal-to-noise ratio,inability to effectively identify targets and other issues.Under this condition,image processing effect and processing speed are difficult to be improved simultaneously.Therefore,an infrared processing system and an infrared image processing algorithm are proposed as a solution.FPGA is used in the system to realize functions of image acquisition,video decoding,data buffering and image display.The image processing algorithm,including an improved median filter algorithm,a combination algorithm of gamma transform and histogram equalization,and an improved pseudo-color transform algorithm,is proposed to improve the infrared images quality.Simulation and experiment results show that image processing speed is maintained and image processing results is effectively improved by using the method proposed in this article.

关 键 词：红外图像处理 中值滤波 伪彩色变换 红外成像系统 FPGA 

分 类 号：TP751.2[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]