基于雷达产品阈值与闻雷半径的雷暴过程判别  

Identification of Thunderstorm Processes Based on Radar Product Threshold and Hearing-Thunder Radius

作　　者：孟蕾[1,2] 廖玉芳 汤亦豪 MENG Lei;LIAO Yufang;TANG Yihao(China Meteorological Administration Training Centre Hunan Branch,Changsha 410125;Key Laboratory of Hunan Meteorological Disaster Prevention and Mitigation,Changsha 410118;Hunan Institute of Meteorological Sciences,Changsha 410118;Hunan Climate Center,Changsha 410118)

机构地区：[1]中国气象局气象干部培训学院湖南分院,长沙410125 [2]气象防灾减灾湖南省重点实验室,长沙410118 [3]湖南省气象科学研究所,长沙410118 [4]湖南省气候中心,长沙410118

出　　处：《气象科技》2021年第1期25-31,共7页Meteorological Science and Technology

基　　金：中国气象局气候变化专项(CCSF202029)资助。

摘　　要：为向雷暴识别、跟踪和临近预报系统提供贴近台站实际的雷达产品阈值,建立基于雷达观测的雷暴日判别算法,利用雷暴人工观测资料和雷达产品数据构建匹配率模型,采用累积距平法识别匹配率拐点来判定阈值和最优闻雷半径,并计算出回波面积阈值。以常德气象观测站为例应用该方法,结果表明:①雷达产品阈值为38.5 dBz,最优闻雷半径达到25km,大于利用闪电定位数据与人工雷暴日对比得到的半径,回波面积阈值为73km2,经过评估各项阈值取值是合适的;②应用各项阈值结合雷达资料进行雷暴日判别时,需考虑雷暴的季节性变化,常德地区3—8月间应用效果较好;③应用该方法时应根据历史闻雷方位选择较长时间序列的雷达单站或雷达拼图数据样本构建匹配率模型。To provide radar product thresholds close to the actual for thunderstorm identifying,tracking and nowcasting systems,and to establish the algorithm of thunderstorm day discrimination based on radar observation,the artificial thunderstorm observation and radar data are used to construct the matching rate model,and the cumulative departure method is adopted to identify the matching rate of inflection point to determine the thresholds and the optimal radius of hearing thunders,and the echo area of the threshold is given.Taking the Changde meteorological station as an example,using this method,it is resulted that:(1)The threshold value of radar product is 38.5dBz,and the optimal radius of hearing thunders reaches 25km,which is larger than the radius obtained by comparing the lightning location data with the artificial thunderstorm day.The echo area threshold value is 73km2,and the evaluation indicates that the threshold values are appropriate.(2)The seasonal variation of thunderstorms should be taken into account when using various thresholds and radar data to judge thunderstorm days.The performance is satisfactory in the Changde area from March to August.(3)When using this method,the matching rate model should be constructed based on the single radar or radar mosaic data samples of the long-time series selected according to the historical hearing-thunder locations.

关 键 词：雷暴 雷达 阈值 闻雷半径 

分 类 号：P446[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] P429