河南省0~2岁婴幼儿碘营养状况和喂养方式与生长发育的关系  

Impact of iodine status and feeding patterns on the growth of infants aged 0-2 years in Henan Province

作　　者：杨金[1] 任高翔 李小烽[1] 朱琳 郑合明[1] 张莉[1] 陈玕[1] 孙宁[1] YANG Jin;REN Gao-xiang;LI Xiao-feng;ZHU Lin;ZHENG He-ming;ZHANG Li;CHEN Gan;SUN Ning(Henan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhengzhou,Henan 450016,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省疾病预防控制中心,河南郑州450016

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2021年第6期1012-1014,1028,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：河南省科学技术厅重点科技攻关项目(142102310390);河南省医学科技攻关计划项目(201602313)。

摘　　要：目的探讨0~2岁婴幼儿的喂养方式和碘营养状况对其生长发育的影响。方法采用整群抽样的方法,在河南省的18个省辖市各随机抽取2个县,每个县调查100名0~2岁婴幼儿的尿碘水平、喂养方式、生长指标。利用WHO Anthro软件计算年龄别体重评分(weight for age Z score,WAZ)和年龄别身高评分(height for age Z score,HAZ)。分别采用单因素方差分析和多元线性回归探讨碘营养水平和喂养方式对婴幼儿身高和体重的影响。结果不同碘营养水平之间,13~18月龄组婴幼儿WAZ差异有统计学意义(F=2.494,P=0.043);不同喂养方式之间,13~18月龄组WAZ差异有显著性(F=3.040,P=0.049),19~24月龄组HAZ差异有统计学意义(F=3.428,P=0.034)。在校正了父母亲身高和体重、母亲年龄和文化程度、家庭收入等变量后,多元线性回归分析结果显示:13~18月龄的婴幼儿尿碘水平在50μg/L以下的婴幼儿体重显著低于尿碘水平在50μg/L以上的婴幼儿,未发现碘营养水平和身长的相关关系有统计学意义;在13~18月龄组,人工喂养的婴儿比母乳喂养的婴儿体重偏低(t=-2.381,P=0.018);但在19~24月龄组,人工喂养的婴儿比母乳喂养的婴儿身长偏高(t=2.639,P=0.009)。结论碘营养水平对婴儿的生长发育有一定影响,应保持婴儿适宜的碘营养水平。母乳喂养和人工喂养的婴儿生长方式存在一定的差异,但都在正常范围之内。Objective To explore the impact of infant iodine status and feeding patterns on their growth and development.Methods Two counties were randomly selected from each city in Henan Province by cluster sampling method.100 infants and toddlers aged 0-2 years in each selected county were surveyed for their urinary iodine levels,feeding patterns,and growth indicators.Weight for age Z score(WAZ)and height for age Z score(HAZ)were calculated using WHO Anthro software.One-way ANOVA and multiple linear regression were used to investigate the effects of iodine nutrition levels and feeding patterns on height and weight of infants,respectively.Results The differences in WAZ were statistically significant between different iodine nutrition levels(F=2.494,P=0.043).Feeding pattern was significantly associated with infant WAZ in the age group of 13-18 months(F=3.040,P=0.049).Significant difference was found between feeding pattern and HAZ in the age group of 19-24 months(F=3.428,P=0.034).After adjusting for parental height and weight,maternal age and education,family income,infants with urinary iodine below 50μg/L had lower weight than those with urinary iodine equal to or greater than 50μg/L in the age group of 13-18 months,but no statistical difference was found between infant iodine status and height.In the multiple linear regression model,artificially fed infants had lower WAZ than breast-fed infants in the age group of 13-18 months(P=0.018),but artificially fed infants had higher HAZ than breast-fed infants in the age group of 19-24 months(P=0.009).Conclusion The level of iodine nutrition has an influence on the growth and development of infants,and the appropriate level of iodine nutrition should be maintained.There are some differences in the growth patterns of breastfed and artificially fed infants,but they are within the normal range.

关 键 词：碘营养 婴幼儿 生长发育 喂养方式 

分 类 号：R153.2[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]