银杏叶提取物对鲤生长性能、抗氧化功能和免疫相关基因表达的影响  

Effect of ginkgo, Ginkgo biloba, leaf extracts on growth performance, antioxidant function, and immune-related gene expressions of common carp, Cyprinus carpio

作　　者：何勤 贾睿[1,2,3] 曹丽萍[2,3] 杜金梁[2,3] 顾郑琰 Galina Jeney 徐跑[1,2,3] 殷国俊[1,2,3] HE Qin;JIA Rui;CAO Liping;DU Jinliang;GU Zhengyan;Galina Jeney;XU Pao;YIN Guojun(Wuxi Fisheries College,Nanjing Agricultural University,Wuxi 214081,China;Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Freshwater Fisheries Research Center,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Wuxi 214081,China;International Joint Research Laboratory for Fish Immunopharmacology,Freshwater Fisheries Research Center,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Wuxi 214081,China;National Agricultural Research Center,Research Institute for Fisheries and Aquaculture,Szarvas 5440,Hungary)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学无锡渔业学院,江苏无锡214081 [2]中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心,农业农村部淡水渔业与种质资源利用重点实验室,江苏无锡214081 [3]中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心,鱼类免疫药理国际联合实验室,江苏无锡214081 [4]匈牙利水产与渔业研究所,国家农业研究中心,匈牙利索尔沃什5440

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2021年第3期326-336,共11页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31702318);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2019JBFM10,2019JBFM11)。

摘　　要：为探讨日粮中添加不同水平的银杏叶提取物(Ginkgo bioba extract,GBE)对鲤(Cyprinus carpio)生长性能、血清生化指标、抗氧化功能、细胞色素酶以及免疫相关基因表达的影响,在基础饲料中分别添加不同含量的银杏叶提取物[0(对照组)、0.5 g/kg、1.0 g/kg、5.0 g/kg]投喂鲤60 d。饲喂实验结束后,称重并采集血液、肝脏、肠道、鳃和肌肉组织,检测相关生化指标以及基因表达的变化。结果表明:与对照组相比,饲料中添加不同水平GBE对鲤生长性能和饵料系数均未产生显著影响(P>0.05)。血清生化数据显示:饲料中添加GBE显著提高了总蛋白(TP)含量,而降低了葡萄糖(Glu)和皮质醇(cortisol)水平(P<0.05),但对总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)和谷草转氨酶(AST)含量无显著影响(P>0.05)。抗氧化参数表明:与对照组相比,日粮中添加GBE对血清、肝脏、肠道、鳃和肌肉中丙二醛(MDA)含量无显著影响(P>0.05),但肝脏中总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、以及还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量均显著升高。同时,1.0g/kgGBE显著提高了肠道和鳃T-AOC含量(P<0.05);5.0g/kgGBE显著提高了鳃GSH含量(P<0.05)。基因表达结果显示:与对照组相比,饲料中添加GBE能显著诱导肝脏和肠道中cyp3a基因表达,而下调cyp1a和cyp1b基因表达;同时,肝脏和肠道中免疫相关基因(c3和c-lyz)表达量在1.0 g/kg GBE添加组中显著上调(P<0.05)。综上所述,GBE作为饲料添加剂不能改善鲤的生长性能和饵料系数,但可以增强鲤的抗应激、抗氧化能力和免疫相关基因的表达,并且未对鲤产生肝毒性,鲤饲料中GBE建议添加量为1.0 g/kg。The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of ginkgo, Ginkgo biloba, leaf extracts(GBE) on the growth performance, serum biochemical indices, antioxidative status, CYP450, and immune-related gene expressions of common carp, Cyprinus carpio. Common carp were fed a basal diet supplemented with GBE at concentrations of 0 g/kg(control), 0.5 g/kg, 1.0 g/kg, and 5.0 g/kg for 60 d. Subsequently, blood, liver, intestine, gill, and muscle tissues were collected to evaluate biochemical parameters and gene expressions. The results indicated that the different concentrations of dietary GBE did not improve the growth performance and feed coefficient(P>0.05) of carp. Serum concentrations of total cholesterol(TC), triglycerides(TG), alanine aminotransferase(ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase(AST) did not differ significantly between treatments and controls(P>0.05), although GBE treatments significantly increased the serum total protein(TP) content and decreased glucose(Glu) and cortisol concentrations. The antioxidant indices showed that dietary GBE could significantly increase the levels of superoxide dismutase(SOD), catalase(CAT), total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC), and glutathione(GSH) in the liver(P<0.05). Furthermore, the T-AOC in the intestines and gills was significantly higher in the GBE treatment groups than that in the control group, and GSH was significantly higher in the gills of carp in the 5.0 g/kg GBE treatment than that in the other groups. Moreover, the gene expression data indicate that dietary GBE up-regulated the transcription of cytochrome p450(cyp3a) and down-regulated the transcription of cyp1a and cyp1b in the liver and intestines of carp. Additionally, immune-related genes(c3 and c-lyz) in the livers and intestines of carp in the 1.0 g/kg and 5.0 g/kg GBE groups were significantly up-regulated. In conclusion, dietary GBE did not improve the growth performance and feed coefficients in carp;however, it reduced physiological stress, improved antioxidant ability, and increased expression of immun

关 键 词：鲤 银杏叶提取物 生长性能 血清生化指标 抗氧化能力 基因表达 

分 类 号：S941[农业科学—水产养殖] S96[农业科学—水产科学]