收入不公平感对个体创业的影响——基于CGSS 2015数据的实证分析  

The Impact of Sense of Income Inequality on Individual Entrepreneurship-Empirical Analysis Based on CGSS 2015 Data

作　　者：刘伟丽 杨景院 LIU Weili;YANG Jingyuan(Shenzhen University,Shenzhen 518060)

机构地区：[1]深圳大学中国经济特区研究中心/中国质量经济发展研究院,深圳518060 [2]深圳大学经济学院/中国经济特区研究中心

出　　处：《经济与管理研究》2021年第3期97-110,共14页Research on Economics and Management

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“中外经济特区比较研究”(16JJD790042)。

摘　　要：本文基于2015年中国综合社会调查(CGSS)数据,实证检验收入不公平感对个体创业的影响,并引入家庭背景和受教育经历来探讨其中的调节作用。研究结果表明:收入不公平感对个体创业产生显著且稳健的负向影响,即受访者主观收入不公平感越高,则创业的概率越低,且该结论在控制模型中潜在的内生性问题以后仍然成立。此外,所处家庭背景较好的个体的收入不公平感对其创业活动产生的抑制效应显著增强;具有高等教育经历的个体的收入不公平感对其创业活动产生的抑制效应显著减弱;收入不公平感对个体创业概率的负面影响主要发生在机会型创业,而对生存型创业的影响较小。最后,本文进一步探讨了收入不公平感对个体影响的潜在作用机制,具体包括创业意愿、风险偏好与创新精神等三个层面的企业家精神,以及社会责任感与社会信任感。Based on the data of China General Social Survey(CGSS)in 2015,this paper empirically tests the impact of the sense of income inequality on individual entrepreneurship,and introduces variables of family background and education experience to explore the moderating effect on the relationship between them.The results show that:the sense of income inequality has a significant and steady negative impact on individual entrepreneurship,that is,the higher the subjective sense of income inequality,the lower the probability of entrepreneurship.This conclusion is still valid after controlling the potential endogenous problems in the model.In addition,the inhibitory effect of the sense of income inequality on entrepreneurial activities of individuals with better family background is significantly enhanced,while that with higher education experience is significantly weakened;the negative impact of the sense of income inequality on the probability of individual entrepreneurship mainly occurs in opportunistic entrepreneurship,but has little impact on survival entrepreneurship.Further,the paper also discusses the potential mechanism of the impact of the sense of income inequality on individuals,including entrepreneurial intention,risk preference and innovation spirit,as well as the sense of social responsibility and the sense of social trust.

关 键 词：个体创业 收入不公平感 创业意愿 风险偏好 社会责任感 社会信任感 

分 类 号：F279.2[经济管理—企业管理]