基于遥感影像的广州海岸带空间演变及其生态效益评价  

Changes and Ecological Benefits Evaluation of Guangzhou Coastal Zone Based on Remote Sensing Images

作　　者：林彤 杨木壮[1] 宋榕潮 赵冠伟[1] LIN Tong(School of Geographical Science and Remote Sensing,Guangzhou University,Guangzhou 510006,China)

机构地区：[1]广州大学地理科学与遥感学院,广州510006 [2]广东省土地调查规划院,广州510075

出　　处：《国土与自然资源研究》2021年第3期42-47,共6页Territory & Natural Resources Study

基　　金：教育部人文社科研究规划项目(14YJA630083);广东省自然科学资金项目(2017A030313240);广东省自然科学资金项目(2015A030313505)。

摘　　要：基于RS和GIS技术,获取广州市2009年、2014年和2019年三个时相的遥感影像,监督分类后得到土地利用数据,对其进行土地利用转移和动态度分析。基于P-S-R(压力—状态—响应)模型,兼顾陆海特征构建广州市海岸带生态效益评价指标体系,用熵权法赋权计算三个时相生态效益。分析广州市近十年海岸带岸线和土地利用变化情况,评价其生态效益,对提升海岸带土地利用潜力、提高陆海统筹、维护海岸带正常生态功能具有重要意义。研究结果表明,由于围填海造陆,十年间广州市海岸线长度增加,海岸带面积增大。随着社会经济和人口发展,对建设用地需求加大,用地类型发生剧烈变化,大量农用地转化为建设用地;2018年广州市海岸带生态效益最好,在系统压力最大、系统状态最差的情况下,广州市积极响应海陆环保政策,加大了对环境的治理力度。Based on RS and GIS technology,this study obtains the remote sensing images of Guangzhou in 2009,2014 and 2019,acquiring the land use data of three time phases after supervised classification,and analyze land use transition and dynamic degree.Based on P-S-R(Pressure-State-Response)model,taking the characteristics of land and sea into account,build the evaluation index system of ecological benefits of Guangzhou Coastal Zone,and the ecological benefits of three phases are calculated by entropy method.It is of great significance to analyze the changes of coastline and land use in Guangzhou in recent ten years,and evaluate its ecological benefits for improving the potential of land use in the coastal zone,improving the overall planning of land and sea and maintaining the normal ecological functions of the coastal zone.The results show that,due to land reclamation,the coastline length and coastal zone area of Guangzhou has increased in the past ten years.With the development of social economy and population,the demand for construction land has increased,the land type has changed dramatically,and a large number of agricultural land has been converted into construction land;in 2018,the ecological benefit of Guangzhou coastal zone is the best.Under the condition of the highest system pressure and the worst system state,Guangzhou actively responded to the marine and land environmental protection policies and strengthened environmental governance.

关 键 词：海岸带 土地利用 生态效益 遥感影像 广州 

分 类 号：P512.3[天文地球—地质学] X145[环境科学与工程—环境科学]