高铁车厢内RTM语言清晰度预测及优化  

Prediction and Optimization of Speech Clarity inside High Speed Trains Using Ray Tracing Method

作　　者：季杰 张学飞[1] 王瑞乾[1] 储丽霞 JI Jie;ZHANG Xuefei;WANG Ruiqian;CHU Lixia(School of Urban Rail Transit,Changzhou University,Changzhou 213100,Jiangsu,China;Institute of Rail Transport,Changzhou Southwest Jiaotong University,Changzhou 213164,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]常州大学城市轨道交通学院,江苏常州213100 [2]常州西南交通大学轨道交通研究院,江苏常州213164

出　　处：《噪声与振动控制》2021年第2期140-145,155,共7页Noise and Vibration Control

摘　　要：将声线跟踪法(RTM)与统计能量法(SEA)及试验进行对比,验证声线跟踪法的正确性与准确性,并采用RTM对高铁车厢内语言清晰度进行仿真预测分析,使用最新的语言传输指数STI测试规范中的间接测量法,将声线跟踪法与语言清晰度相结合,对车内声压级、语言传输指数STI及混响时间T30指标进行预测,最后提出车内语言清晰度的优化方案。研究表明,中低频情况下车厢内声压级较高,且随着频率升高声压级降低;当列车使用女声作为声源播报广播信息时,语言清晰度更高,但车厢内转向架区域上方位置的语言清晰度略差;语言清晰度与声源数目没有线性关系,当声源数目为14个,采用女声进行播报时,车内各处的STI值都较为稳定,不存在清晰度较差的盲区。有关结论对改善乘客乘车体验及舒适度有一定参考价值。By mutual comparison of the results of the sound ray tracing method(RTM),the statistical energy algorithm(SEA)and the experiments,the correctness and accuracy of the sound ray tracing method are verified.The RTM is used to simulate and predict the speech clarity inside the high-speed trains.Using the indirect measurement method in the STI test specification of the language transmission index and using the sound ray tracing method to the speech clarity,the sound pressure level,the language transmission index STI and the reverberation time T30 index inside the vehicles are predicted and studied.Finally,the optimization scheme for internal speech clarity is proposed.It is shown that the sound pressure level in the cabin is higher at low and medium frequencies,and the sound pressure level decreases as the frequency increases.When the female voice is used as the sound source for broadcasting,the speech clarity is higher.But at the position above the bogie area in the cabin,the speech clarity is slightly low.There is no linear relationship between the speech clarity and the number of sound sources.When broadcasting in female voice with 14 sound sources,the STI values are stable inside the train and there is no blind spot where the speech clarity is poor.This article has a certain reference value for improving passengers'riding experience and comfort.

关 键 词：声学 声线跟踪法 高铁车厢 语言传输指数 仿真预测 

分 类 号：P733.215[天文地球—物理海洋学]