硬粒小麦ANW16F株高及构成因子与部分产量性状遗传研究  

Genetic Study on Plant Height and Its Components, Partial Yield Traits in Durum Wheat ‘ANW16F’

作　　者：龚胤书 魏淑红[1] 彭正松[2] 杨在君[1] 钟明志 张家敏 GONG Yin-shu;WEI Shu-hong;PENG Zheng-song;YANG Zai-jun;ZHONG Ming-zhi;ZHANG Jia-min(Key Laborator of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conseaation(Ministra of Education),College of Life Science,China West Normat Univeaity,Sichuan Nanchong 637009,China;College of Agcculturc Sciences,Xichang College,Sichuan Xichang 615013,China)

机构地区：[1]西华师范大学生命科学学院,西南野生动植物资源保护教育部重点实验室,四川南充637009 [2]西昌学院农业科学学院,四川西昌615013

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2021年第2期229-235,共7页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：西华师范大学英才基金项目(17YC347);国家自然科学青年基金项目(31501304)。

摘　　要：【目的】本文明确了硬粒小麦ANW16F(Triticum durum,2n=4X=28,AABB)株高与构成因子及部分产量性状的遗传相关性,以及株高与构成因子的数量遗传模型,为Rht16基因的育种利用及后续利用分子标记定位主效QTL提供参考。【方法】利用ANW16F和高秆对照硬粒小麦LD222亲本以及杂交F1代、F2代群体,对株高及其构成因子、部分产量性状等10个农艺性状进行表型特征和相关性分析。【结果】"ANW16F"降秆能力约33.9%,穗下节是株高最主要的构成因素,株高与各茎节均极显著正相关,其中与倒2节相关性最高,其次为穗下节。株高、穗长与小穗数为显著正相关。株高受两对主基因控制,满足加性-显性-上位性遗传模型(B-1模型),以加性效应为主,主基因遗传率86.07%,受环境影响较小。穗下茎节符合两对加性-显性主基因遗传模型(B-2模型)。倒2、3、4茎节符合一对加性-显性主基因遗传模型(A-1模型)。【结论】综合考虑株高构成比例、相关性分析,以及遗传率的大小,今后在利用Rht16基因进行矮化高产育种时,穗下节和倒2节可作为重要的育种筛选指标,且可在较早期选择。【Objective】This study aimed to explore the relationship of ANW16 F plant heights and its components and partial yield traits and estimate the main gene+polygene quantitative genetic mode of plant heights and its components,which would provide a reference for breeding utilization of Rht16 and locating the major QTL by using molecular markers.【Method】ANW16 F(Triticum durum,2 n=4 X=28,AABB),LD222(high stalk control)(Triticum durum,2 n=4 X=28,AABB)and its F1,F2 generation plants were used as tested materials.The genetic traits of plant heights and its components,partial yield traits were analyzed.【Result】The ANW16 F reduced the plant height of 33.9%.The peduncle was the most important factor of plant height,plant height was extremely positively correlated with each stem node,and the highest correlation was found with the second internode from the top,followed by peduncle.Plant height and spike length were significantly positively correlated with spikelet number.Plant height fit into additive-dominant-epigenetic genetic mode(B-1 model)controlled by two major genes and additive effect was the main one.The heritability of major genes of plant height was 86.07%,which was less affected by the environment.The peduncle conformed to two pairs of additive-dominant major gene genetic models(B-2 model).The second,third and fourth internode from the top fit into a pair of additive-dominant major gene genetic models(A-1 model).【Conclusion】Considering the proportion of plant height composition,correlation analysis and heritability,the peduncle and inverted 2 node can be used as important breeding indexes in dwarfing and high yield breeding with Rht16 gene in the future and can be selected in the early stage.

关 键 词：矮秆小麦 株高 相关性 主基因+多基因遗传模型 

分 类 号：S512.11[农业科学—作物学] Q37[生物学—遗传学]