基于MSPA与MCR模型的生态网络构建方法研究——以南充市为例  

Ecological Network Construction Method Based on MSPA and MCR Model: Taking Nanchong as Example

作　　者：刘一丁 何政伟[1] 陈俊华[2] 谢川 谢天资[2] 慕长龙[2] LIU Yi-ding;HE Zheng-wei;CHEN Jun-hua;XIE Chuan;XIE Tian-zi;MU Chang-long(School of Earth Sciences,Chengdu University of Technology,Sichuan Chengdu 61005 I,China;Sichuan Academy of Forestry,Sichuan Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Conservation for Forest and Wetland,Sichuan Chengdu 610081,China)

机构地区：[1]成都理工大学地球科学学院,四川成都610051 [2]四川省林业科学研究院/森林与湿地生态恢复与保育四川重点实验室,四川成都610081

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2021年第2期354-363,共10页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：四川政府采购项目“南充市国家森林城市建设总体规划”(川林研工咨2020025)。

摘　　要：【目的】改善南充市目前生态环境斑块被高速城镇化、土地过度开发利用侵蚀占据所导致的破碎化和岛屿化问题,通过选取重要生态源地、提取重要生态廊道,构建并优化南充市生态网络,为增加南充市各类绿地景观的连通性、保护生物多样性和生态环境及城市发展和规划提供科学依据。【方法】采用形态学空间格局分析模型(MSPA),把对南充市构建生态网络有重要生态价值意义的核心区提取出来,同时取用整体连通性(IIC)、可能连通性(PC)和斑块重要性(dI)等景观指数进行景观连接度评价。通过评价选出16个对构建生态网络贡献最大的核心区作为生态源地,并以斑块重要性为依据对其他核心区进行进一步级别划分。通过物种迁徙交流所受不同景观要素的阻力大小构建消费阻力面,基于最小累积阻力模型(MCR)连接生态源地,并以重力模型识别提取重要生态廊道,提出南充市生态网络优化建议。【结果】(1)MSPA模型识别出南充市景观空间格局为核心区的面积4148.51 km^(2),占研究区面积的33.23%,呈破碎状主要分布在嘉陵江水域两侧。根据斑块的dIIC和dPC综合筛选出重要生态源地16个,面积为1060.61 km^(2),占核心区面积的25.57%。(2)基于MCR和重力模型识别得到重要廊道12条,一般廊道108条。主要集中分布在研究区的北部、西部和东部,而中部和南部生态廊道较少。(3)构建生态网络优化后,新增3个重要生态源地;建设25个踏脚石,其中林地踏脚石15个,水域2个,耕地或其它用地8个;修复59个生态断裂点,集中分布于研究区中部和北部,其中位于铁路上的9个,高速公路上的20个,其余全部分布于国道、省道上。【结论】南充市生态源地分布不均,且较破碎化,连通性较差,其中大型生态源地集中分布于东部、北部以及西南部,而中部和南部缺少大面积的源地。在今后的生态建设中,应加强中部�【Objective】In order to improve the fragmentation and islanding of ecological environment patches in Nanchong caused by high-speed urbanization and excessive land development and utilization erosion,constructing the ecological network of Nanchong by selecting important ecological source areas and extracting important ecological corridors,so as to provide a scientific basis for the urban development and planning of Nanchong to increase the connectivity of various green landscape,protect biodiversity and ecological environment.【Method】Using the Morphological Spatial Pattern Analysis Model(MSPA),extract the core areas that have important ecological value for the construction of the ecological network of Nanchong city,and use the IntegralIndex of Connectivity(IIC),Probability of Connectivity(PC)and patch importance(dI)and other landscape indexes to evaluate the degree of landscape connectivity.Through the evaluation,16 core areas that contribute the most to the construction of the ecological network are selected as ecological sources,and other core areas are further classified based on the importance of patches.The consumption resistance surface is constructed by the resistance of different landscape elements in species migration and communication,the ecological source is connected based on the minimum cumulative resistance model(MCR),and the important ecological corridors are identified and extracted by the gravity model,and finally the Nanchong ecological network optimization proposal is proposed.【Result】(i)The core of Nanchong landscape spatial pattern extracted by the MSPA model was 4148.51 km^(2),accounting for 33.12%of the study area,and it was mainly distributed on both sides of the Jialing river in a broken state.According to the dIIC and dPC of the patches,16 important ecological sources were selected,with an area of 1060.61 km^(2),accounting for 25.57%of the core area.(ii)Based on MCR and gravity model,12 important corridors and 108 general corridors were obtained.They were mainly distributed in

关 键 词：生态网络 生态廊道 形态学空间格局分析(MPSA) 最小累积阻力模型(MCR) 南充 

分 类 号：X171.4[环境科学与工程—环境科学]