饮奶行为在家庭社会经济状况与儿童青少年体重指数间的中介作用  

Mediating effect of milk intake between family socioeconomic status and body mass index of children and adolescents

作　　者：史欣然 安美静 陈天娇[1] 马军[1] SHI Xin-ran;AN Mei-jing;CHEN Tian-jiao;Ma jun(Peking University School of Public Health,Institute of Child and Adolescent Health,Peking University,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学公共卫生学院,北京大学儿童青少年卫生研究所,北京100191

出　　处：《北京大学学报（医学版）》2021年第2期308-313,共6页Journal of Peking University:Health Sciences

基　　金：卫生公益性行业科研专项项目(201202010)。

摘　　要：目的:研究家庭社会经济状况(socio-economic status,SES)与儿童青少年体重指数(body mass index,BMI)z评分的关系,以及家庭SES如何通过影响儿童青少年的饮奶行为作用于儿童青少年的BMI z评分。方法:采用分层整群抽样的方法按城市中学、城市小学、乡村中学、乡村小学各抽取4所学校,共有2496名学生及其家长作为研究对象。通过7 d饮食行为问卷得到学生每周饮奶次数和日均饮奶份数。采用父母最高文化程度和家庭月收入反映家庭SES。利用统计软件SPSS 18.0中PROCESS插件程序分析儿童青少年饮奶行为在家庭SES和儿童青少年BMI z评分关系中的中介作用。结果:父母最高文化程度、家庭月收入与儿童青少年BMI均呈正相关(P值分别为0.001,0.038)。总人群的日均饮奶份数为(0.92±0.84)份,每周饮奶次数为(4.43±2.70)次。小学生、城市、父母最高文化程度、家庭月收入、非肥胖与每周饮奶次数和日均饮奶份数多有关(P值均<0.05)。儿童青少年饮奶行为在家庭SES与儿童青少年BMI z评分关系中起部分中介作用。每周饮奶次数在父母最高文化程度和家庭月收入与BMI z评分关系中的中介效应占总效应的比例分别为-6.57%和-10.21%。日均饮奶份数在父母最高文化程度和家庭月收入与BMI z评分关系中的中介效应占总效应的比例分别为-3.63%和-5.86%。结论:我国儿童青少年饮奶行为还有待提高;儿童青少年饮奶行为在家庭高SES与儿童青少年高BMI z评分关系中起部分中介作用,为儿童青少年肥胖的保护因素;未来还需对其他饮食或运动行为进行研究,以探索家庭SES与儿童青少年BMI z评分关系之间的机制,从而进行有针对性的干预。Objective:To examine the association between family socioeconomic status(SES)and body mass index(BMI)z-score of children and adolescents,and the mediating effect of milk intake in this association.Methods:In the study,2496 students and their parents were selected from 16 schools(4 urban middle schools,4 rural middle schools,4 urban primary schools,and 4 rural primary schools)using a stratified cluster sampling method.The frequency and amount of weekly milk intake from the 7-day Food Records reported by the students were extracted.The parents’education and household income were the indicators of family SES.The mediating effect of milk intake between family SES and BMI z-score of children and adolescents were tested using the PROCESS add-on SPSS software.Results:Parents’education level and household income were positively correlated with BMI z-score of children and adolescents(P=0.001 and 0.038,respectively).The overall average daily intake of milk was(0.92±0.84)servings,and the frequency was(4.43±2.70)days per week.The students of primary school,in urban areas,with higher parents’education level,with higher household income,and being non-obese were likely to have higher frequency and amount of milk intake.Milk intake was one of the mediating factors in the relationship between family SES and BMI z-score of children and adolescents.Specifically,the mediating effect of the frequency of milk intake accounted for-6.57%and-10.21%of the total effects of the association between the parents’education and the household income with BMI z-score of children and adolescents,respectively.The mediating effect of the daily intake of milk accounted for-3.63%and-5.86%of the total effects of the association between the parents’education and the household income with BMI z-score of children and adolescents,respectively.Conclusion:The milk intake of Chinese children and adolescents still needs to be improved.High family SES was found to contribute to high BMI z-score,mediated by the milk intake which was the protective fac

关 键 词：家庭社会经济状况 体重指数 饮奶行为 

分 类 号：R151.3[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]