高中生座位舒适度与脊椎疼痛的关系调查  

Investigation on seat comfort and its relationship with spinal pain in high school students

作　　者：曹瑞晴 叶智彬 杨继春 于淼[2] CAO Rui-qing;YE Zhi-bin;YANG Ji-chun;YU Miao(Shimen Middle School,Foshan,Guang-dong 528248,China)

机构地区：[1]佛山市南海区石门中学,广东佛山528248 [2]佛山市中医院

出　　处：《中国校医》2021年第3期172-175,共4页Chinese Journal of School Doctor

摘　　要：目的了解高中生课室座位舒适度,明确其与脊椎疼痛的关系,为高中生改善坐姿、预防脊椎疼痛提供依据。方法采用多层整群抽样随机选取佛山市两所高中,发放调查问卷2350份,调查学生课室座位舒适度及近一个月内的颈痛、背痛和腰痛的患病率,统计分析座位舒适度及其具体因素与颈痛、背痛和腰痛的相关性。结果回收有效问卷2212份,有效应答率为94.13%;74.6%的学生感觉课室座位不舒适。其中,5.9%为桌子太高、26.2%为桌子太低、14.9%为椅子太高、14.8%为椅子太低、60.0%为椅子靠背不舒适、61.6%为座位空间狭窄;颈痛、背痛和腰痛患病率分别为46.7%、33.1%和41.0%,没有脊椎疼痛的学生为38.6%;是否颈痛、背痛、腰痛人群中对座位舒适度的感受差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);多因素logistic回归分析表明,感觉座位不舒适与身高和坐位时间长短有关。结论高中生的课室座位舒适度较低,脊椎疼痛高发;为预防脊椎疼痛,应提供个性化的课桌椅并扩大座位空间。Objective To explore the seat comfort of high school students and identify its relationship with spinal pain.To provide guidance for improving sitting posture and preventing spinal pain.Methods Questionnaires were designed and produced.Multi-layer clusters were sampled in two high schools in Foshan.2350 questionnaires were distributed to investigate the prevalence of neck pain,back pain and low back pain in the past month and analyze the correlation between spinal pain and seat comfort.Results 2212 valid questionnaires were recovered.The effective response rate was 94.13%.74.6%of students felt that tables and chairs were not comfortable.The rate of high tables,low tables,high chairs,low chairs,uncomfortable back of chairs,and narrow sitting space was 5.9%,26.2%,14.9%,14.8%,60.0%and 61.6%,respectively.The prevalence rate of neck pain,back pain and low back pain was 46.7%,33.1%and 41.0%,respectively.The rate of students without spinal pain was 38.6%.uncomfortable seating and its specific causes were associated with neck pain,back pain,and low back pain,respectively.Multivariate logistic-regression analysis suggested that seat comfort was associated with height and sitting time of high school students.Conclusion Low rate of seat comfort is associated with high prevalence of spinal pain in high school students.In order to promote seat comfort,improve sitting posture and prevent spinal pain,personalized desk and chair should be provided and the sitting space should be enlarged.

关 键 词：高中 学生 疼痛 流行病学调查 影响因素 

分 类 号：G478.3[文化科学—教育学]