半地下有轨电车车站火灾自然排烟模式研究  

Study on natural smoke extraction model in semi-underground tram station fire

作　　者：任飞 史聪灵[1] 李建[1] 车洪磊[1] 胥旋[1] REN Fei;SHI Congling;LI Jian;CHE Honglei;XU Xuan(Beijing Key Laboratory of Metro Fire and Passenger Transportation Safety,China Academy of Safety Science and Technology,Beijing 100012,China)

机构地区：[1]中国安全生产科学研究院地铁火灾与客流疏运安全北京市重点实验室,北京100012

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2021年第3期156-161,共6页China Safety Science Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金资助(52006204);“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0805000);火灾科学国家重点实验室开放课题(HZ2020-KF06);中国安全生产科学研究院基本科研业务专项资金资助(2020JBKY01,2020JBKY02)。

摘　　要：为确定半地下有轨电车车站火灾情况下自然排烟模式的排烟效果,以某城市有轨电车典型车站为研究对象,采用数值模拟法建立全尺寸模型进行计算,研究半地下有轨电车车站在列车火灾情况下采用自然排烟模式时,车站空间内温度分布、排烟口与楼扶梯口流速等特征参数演化特征,分析半地下有轨电车车站火灾发生时,采用自然排烟模式的气流流场、烟气运动过程及控制效果。研究结果表明:在半地下有轨电车车站采用自然排烟模式,在规定时间(6 min)内烟气未降至危险高度处,自然排烟模式可用于该类车站通风排烟设计;自然排烟模式下气流组织主要由火灾烟气热浮力控制,无法保持稳定的气流组织与楼扶梯口的补风流速,具有一定的局限性。In order to verify smoke exhaust effect of natural smoke exhaust mode in semi-underground tram station fire,taking a typical tram station in a city as research object,a full scale model was established by numerical simulation method for calculation,evolution characteristics of temperature distribution in station space,velocity of smoke exhaust outlet and escalator exit in semi-underground tram station under train fire were studied,airflow field,smoke movement process and control effect of natural smoke exhaust mode in semi-underground station fire were analyzed. The results show that for semi-underground tram station,natural smoke exhaust mode can prevent smoke from falling to dangerous height within specified time(6 min),which can be used in the design of same tram station,under natural smoke exhaust mode,air distribution is mainly controlled by thermal buoyancy of fire smoke,which can not maintain stable air distribution and make-up air flow rate at the escalator entrance,which has certain limitations.

关 键 词：半地下有轨电车车站 自然排烟 列车火灾 排烟口 温度分布 

分 类 号：X928.7[环境科学与工程—安全科学]