论李渔中年自号笠翁隐含的思想意蕴——兼论李笠翁乃中国文学史上首位职业作家  

On the Ideological Implication of Li Yu Calling Himself“Li Weng”in His Middle Age:On Li Liweng Being the First Professional Writer in Chinese Literature

作　　者：黄强[1] HUANG Qiang(School of Chinese Language and Literature, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学文学院,江苏扬州225002

出　　处：《江南大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2021年第2期98-107,共10页Journal of Jiangnan University：Humanities & Social Sciences Edition

摘　　要：李渔泛化意义上的隐居、强烈的入世意识、坦诚的自我解剖,表明他从来就不是一个真正的“青箬笠,绿蓑衣”的隐逸之士。其中年自号笠翁,取义既在于“车笠交”中披蓑戴笠的贫贱之交、布衣之身,又在于纶竿垂钓的“人间大隐”。后者虚幻的避世“笠翁”形象,美化了前者现实的入世“笠翁”形象。这一名号隐含着主人作为“戴笠贫交”的自尊自傲、创作才人的自信自强、文学史上先驱者的自嘲自叹。中国文学史上的首位职业作家,有其特定的标准,核心一条是将文学创作视为终生职业,也即作为谋生的主要手段。“笠翁”这一别号兼笔名的出现,是李渔成为中国文学史上首位超前出现的职业作家的显著标志。从职业作家的角度研究李渔,许多问题可以得到更为合理的解释。The first professional writer in the history of Chinese literature has his specific standards, the core of which is to regard literature creation as a lifelong career, namely, the major means of earning a living. The significance of Li Yu becoming the first leading professional writer in the history of Chinese literature is that “Li Weng” appeared as an alias and pseudonym. The seclusion in the sense of generalization, the strong sense of going into the society, and the frank self-analysis show that Li Yu has never been a real recluse depicted as “Green conical Asian hat, and green coir raincoat”. He called himself Li Weng in his middle age, meaning the friendship with ordinary people as “Che Li Jiao”, or a “hermit” as “Leisurely fishing”. The latter unreal “Li Weng” image of retiring from the world beautifies the former real “Li Weng” image of going into the society. This name implies the master’s pride as an ordinary friend, the self-confidence as a creative writer, and the self-mockery as a pioneer in Chinese literary history. Through studying Li Yu from the perspective of professional writers, many problems can be explained more reasonably.

关 键 词：笠翁 车笠交 贫贱之士 隐逸之士 首位职业作家 

分 类 号：I206.2[文学—中国文学]