西藏农牧民旅游可持续生计影响因素及优化路径--以拉萨达东村为例  

Influencing Factors and Optimal Path of Sustainable Livelihood of Farmers and Herdsmen in Tourism in Tibet--Taking Lhasa’s Dagdong Village As an Example

作　　者：张浩东 陈娅玲[2] Zhang Haodong;Chen Yaling(School of Postgraduate,Xizang Minzu University,Xianyang,Shaanxi 712082;School of Management,Xizang Minzu University,Xianyang,Shaanxi 712082)

机构地区：[1]西藏民族大学研究生院,陕西咸阳712082 [2]西藏民族大学管理学院,陕西咸阳712082

出　　处：《西藏发展论坛》2021年第2期60-66,共7页

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“援藏制度背景下西藏乡村旅游发展对农牧民可持续生计影响机理研究”(18BMZ131)。

摘　　要：基于扎根理论,以拉萨达东村为例,探析西藏农牧民旅游可持续生计的影响因素,研究发现:(1)西藏农牧民旅游生计的可持续性受主观和客观因素影响,主观影响因素为农牧民心理认知,客观影响因素为农牧民生计资本、组织与制度转变、脆弱性背景。(2)在政府主导的援藏、扶贫等政策的支持与作用下,影响西藏农牧民旅游生计可持续性的客观因素不断得到完善,相较之下,主观因素成为影响现阶段西藏农牧民旅游生计可持续性的关键。(3)除主客观因素外,乡村旅游发展阶段和产业发展水平也影响西藏农牧民旅游生计的可持续性。(4)只有建立“志智双扶”机制,不断加强主观认知、优化客观环境、提升乡村旅游发展水平,才能实现西藏农牧民旅游生计的可持续性,防止返贫,促进乡村振兴。Based on the grounded theory,this paper takes Lhasa’s Dagdong Village as an example to explore the factors influencing the sustainable livelihood of Tibetan farmers and herdsmen in tourism,finding out that;(1)The sustainability of tourism livelihood of farmers and herdsmen in Tibet is affected by both subjective and objective factors.The subjective influencing factor is the psychological cognition of farmers and herdsmen,while the objective influencing factor is the livelihood capital,organizational and institutional change,vulnerability background of farmers and herdsmen.(2)With the support and function of government—led policies such as aid to Tibet and poverty alleviation,the objective factors affecting the sustainability of tourism livelihood of Tibetan farmers and herdsmen have been improved continuously.In contrast,subjective factors have become the key factors affecting the sustainability of Tibetan farmers and herdsmen’s tourism livelihood at the present stage.(3)In addition to the subjective and objective factors,the development stage and industrial development level of rural tourism also affect the sustainability of Tibetan farmers and herdsmen’s tourism livelihood.(4)Only by establishing the mechanism of"supporting people with both ambition and wisdom",constantly strengthening subjective cognition,optimizing the objective environment and improving the development level of rural tourism,can the sustainability of the tourism livelihood of Tibetan farmers and herdsmen be realized,preventing the return to poverty and promoting rural revitalization achievement.

关 键 词：可持续生计 乡村旅游 扎根理论 西藏 达东村 

分 类 号：F327[经济管理—产业经济] F592.7