用于空气过滤的改性大豆蛋白-细菌纤维素复合材料的制备及性能  

Preparation and properties of modified soy protein-bacterial cellulose composites for air filtration

作　　者：贺玮 刘晓彤[1] 郑裕东[1] 王慧颖 谢亚杰[1] 冯照喧 王岩森 刘晓冰 HE Wei;LIU Xiaotong;ZHENG Yudong;WANG Huiying;XIE Yajie;FENG Zhaoxuan;WANG Yansen;LIU Xiaobing(School of Materials Science and Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学材料科学与工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《复合材料学报》2021年第3期843-853,共11页Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31700829,51973018,51773018);北京市科技计划项目(Z191100002019017)。

摘　　要：采用大豆蛋白和细菌纤维素(BC)为原材料,制备环保型空气过滤复合材料,用于过滤污染空气。首先,采用Nagano法对大豆蛋白进行提纯和成分分离,得到溶解度较高的7S和11S成分。然后,用丙烯酸对大豆分离蛋白(SPI)、7S和11S进行改性处理,使埋藏于大豆蛋白内部的官能团充分暴露。最后,将处理后的大豆蛋白与BC复合,制备出改性大豆蛋白-BC (MSPI-BC、M7S-BC和M11S-BC)复合材料。评估了改性大豆蛋白-BC复合材料的微观形貌及其对污染空气的过滤效率、吸附性能和透气性等。结果表明,MSPI在BC中分布极为不均匀,在多处产生聚集;而M7S和M11S蛋白均匀包覆在BC表面,无聚集现象。MSPI-BC、M7S-BC和M11S-BC复合材料对PM2.5的过滤效率分别为73.07%±0.02%、82.13%±0.01%和85.44%±0.02%。与MSPI-BC复合材料相比,M7S-BC和M11S-BC复合材料对空气中颗粒污染物的吸附量更大。本文制备出的改性大豆蛋白-BC复合材料结构稳定,具有较高的过滤效率,且环保无污染,在空气过滤领域有广阔的应用价值。Environmentally-friendly air filtration composite materials were prepared to filter polluted air using soybean protein and bacterial cellulose(BC) as raw materials. 7 S and 11 S with high solubility were firstly obtained through purification and separation of soy protein by adopting Nagano. Thereafter, soy protein isolate(SPI), 7 S and11 S were treated with acrylic acid to unfold the polypeptide chains. Finally, modified soy protein-BC(MSPI-BC,M7 S-BC and M11 S-BC) composites were prepared by adding soy protein treated with acrylic acid to BC. Besides, the morphology, air filtration efficiency, adsorption capacity and air penetration of the modified soy protein-BC composites were evaluated. The results show that MSPI unevenly distributes in BC, aggregating on the surface of BC fibers. While M7 S and M11 S uniformly cover on the surface of BC fibers, without aggregation. The air filtration efficiency of MSPI-BC, M7 S-BC and M11 S-BC composites for particulate pollutants is 73.07%±0.02%, 82.13%±0.01%and 85.44%±0.02%, respectively. Moreover, M7 S-BC and M11 S-BC composites adsorb more particulate pollutants than MSPI-BC composite. The prepared modified soy protein-BC composites in this study own stable structure and high air filtration efficiency, and they are environmentally-friendly, thus being potential to be used in the field of air filtration.

关 键 词：大豆蛋白 细菌纤维素 丙烯酸 空气过滤 吸附性 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]