礼貌表达与认知模式的关联性——以汉日请求言语行为为例  

The Correlation between Polite Expressions and Cognitive Thinking Paradigms: Taking the Speech Act of Requests in Chinese and Japanese for Example

作　　者：李国玲 Li Guoling(Chang'an University,China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学外国语学院

出　　处：《日语学习与研究》2021年第1期12-20,共9页Journal of Japanese Language Study and Research

基　　金：2018年度“长安大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(人文社科类)青年学者培育项目——跨文化交际视角下的汉日礼貌策略对比研究”(项目编号:300102138628)的阶段研究成果。项目主持人:李国玲。

摘　　要：本研究运用认知语用学的研究方法,通过对请求言语行为里汉语和日语惯用礼貌策略的异同点进行对比分析,深入探讨了基于不同文化背景下的礼貌表达与认知思维范式间的关联性。研究表明:汉语母语者倾向于站在事态外部,采取客观识解的方式产出礼貌表达,多使用积极礼貌策略;而日语母语者倾向于站在事态内部,采取"自我中心式"主观识解的方式产出礼貌表达,多使用消极礼貌策略。由此可以窥测出,不同的语言体系下有其所惯用的认知思维范式,这种认知层面的倾向性深入影响到言语行为的礼貌表达、会话策略等语用学的各个层面。This paper applies the research method of cognitive pragmatics to deeply explore the correlation between polite expressions and cognitive thinking paradigms based on different cultural backgrounds by analyzing the similarities and differences between Chinese and Japanese politeness strategies habitually used in the speech act of requests. The research shows that Chinese native speakers tend to stand outside the situation, adopting the way of objective construal to express polite expressions, using more positive politeness strategies;while Japanese native speakers tend to stand inside the situation,adopting the way of "ego-centric" subjective construal, using more negative politeness strategies. From this, we can conclude that there are cognitive paradigms that are habitually used in different language systems. This tendency of cognitive levels deeply affects all aspects of pragmatics such as polite expressions and conversational strategies in speech and act.

关 键 词：认知语用学 礼貌策略 认知模式 主观识解 客观识解 

分 类 号：H36[语言文字—日语] H13