2014-2019年某高校不同职业人群妇科疾病患病率回顾性分析  

Retrospective analysis of regular gynecological examinations of adult women of different occupations in a university from 2014 to 2019

作　　者：余晶[1] 朱长虹[2] 冯婵 冯幼兰 金威[1] 徐芳[1] YU Jing;ZHU Chang-Hong;FENG Chan(General Department of Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hospital,Wuhan,Hubei 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学医院全科,湖北武汉430074 [2]华中科技大学同济医学院生殖医学中心,湖北武汉430030

出　　处：《中国妇幼保健》2021年第6期1339-1342,共4页Maternal and Child Health Care of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委员会(面上项目)(81671507)。

摘　　要：目的分析武汉市某高校脑力劳动为主、体力劳动为主两组妇女妇科疾病患病率差异。方法收集2014-2019年间某高校不同职业人群妇科普查时进行的常规妇科检查、宫颈刷片、子宫及附件B超等检查结果。将所有体检人群分为两组,A组为脑力劳动者,B组为体力劳动者,比较两组乳腺增生、子宫肌瘤、宫颈炎、阴道炎的患病率,比较分析不同年龄和体质指数组别的妇科患病率。结果共收集2 580人数据,A组为脑力劳动者(1 750人),B组为体力劳动者(830人),A组和B组的年龄、体质指数等一般情况比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组妇女均存在不同程度的乳腺增生、子宫肌瘤、宫颈炎和阴道炎,其中乳腺增生患病率最高,子宫肌瘤患病率最低,个别妇女同时伴有≥2种妇科疾病。与A组比较,B组乳腺增生和子宫肌瘤的患病率显著偏低,宫颈炎和阴道炎患病率显著偏高。与其他年龄相比,两组21~30岁妇女的乳腺增生、子宫肌瘤、宫颈炎和阴道炎的患病率相对较低,与A组比较,不同年龄的B组妇女的乳腺增生和子宫肌瘤患病率相对较低,宫颈炎和阴道炎患病率相对较高,其中31~40岁、41~50岁妇女乳腺增生、宫颈炎和阴道炎患病率比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。与体质指数18.51~23.99 kg/m2的妇女比较,体质指数≤18.50 kg/m2和≥24.00 kg/m2的妇女乳腺增生、子宫肌瘤、宫颈炎和阴道炎的患病率较高,对于体质指数≤18.50 kg/m2和≥24.00 kg/m2的妇女来说,A组乳腺增生患病率高于B组,宫颈炎和阴道炎的患病率低于B组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论高校内妇女乳腺增生患病率较高,脑力劳动妇女乳腺增生和子宫肌瘤患病率更为显著,体力劳动妇女宫颈炎和阴道炎患病率更为显著,且随着年龄和体质指数的增高,乳腺增生、子宫肌瘤、宫颈炎和阴道炎患病率有增高的趋势。有必要针对不同职业人群的生�Objective To analyze the difference in the prevalence of gynaecological diseases in women with mental labor and manual labor in a university in Wuhan City. Methods Collected the results of routine gynaecological examination,cervical scrap,uterus and annex B-ultrasound examination for all women of childbearing age in university from 2014 to 2019. All women were divided into 2 groups: group A was women of mental workers,group B was women of manual workers. The prevalence of breast hyperplasia,uterine fibroids,cervicitis and vaginitis of different age and different body mass index (BMI) were compared within 2 groups. Results 2 580 cases were collected.1 750 cases in Group A and 830 cases in Group B. The general difference in age and BMI in group A and Group B was not statistically significant (P>0. 05). Both groups had different degrees of breast hyperplasia,uterine fibroids,cervicitis and vaginitis,of which the prevalence of breast hyperplasia was the highest,the uterine fibroids was the lowest,and some women were accompanied by 2 gynecological diseases. Compared with group A,the prevalence of breast hyperplasia and uterine fibroids was significantly reduced,the cervicitis and vaginitis was significantly increased in group B,and the difference was statistically significant (P<0. 05). Compared with other ages,the prevalence of breast hyperplasia,uterine fibroids,cervicitis and vaginitis was relatively low in 2 groups of women aged 21 to 30. Compared with group A,the prevalence of breast hyperplasia and uterine fibroids was relatively low,cervicitis and vaginitis was relatively high in groups B,of which 31-40 years,41-50 years of age breast hyperplasia,cervicitis and vaginitis were statistically high and statistically significant (P<0. 05). Compared with women with BMI of 18. 51-23. 99 kg/m2,women with BMI of ≤ 18. 50 kg/m2 and ≥ 24. 00 kg/m2 had higher prevalence of breast hyperplasia,uterine fibroids,cervicitis and vaginitis. For women with BMI of ≤ 18. 50 kg/m2 and ≥ 24. 00 kg/m2,the prevalence of breast h

关 键 词：高校 职业 乳腺增生 子宫肌瘤 宫颈炎 阴道炎 

分 类 号：R173[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]