黑色素瘤患者病耻感现状及其影响因素分析  

Current status of stigma in patients with melanoma and its influencing factors

作　　者：张扬 陈威[1] 于文华 赵敏[1] Zhang Yang;Chen Wei;Yu Wenhua;Zhao Min(Department of Renal Cancer and Melanoma,Beijing Cancer Hospital,Beijing Institute for Cancer Research,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research(Ministry of Education),Beijing 100142,China;Department of Nursing,Beijing Cancer Hospital,Beijing Institute for Cancer Research,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research(Ministry of Education),Beijing 100142,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学肿瘤医院暨北京市肿瘤防治研究所肾癌黑色素瘤内科,恶性肿瘤发病机制及转化研究教育部重点实验室,100142 [2]北京大学肿瘤医院暨北京市肿瘤防治研究所护理部,恶性肿瘤发病机制及转化研究教育部重点实验室,100142

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2021年第5期598-603,共6页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

摘　　要：目的调查黑色素瘤患者病耻感现状并分析其影响因素,为制定有效的干预措施提供参考。方法本研究为横断面研究。采用便利抽样的方法,对2019年4—5月在北京市某三级甲等医院住院的167例恶性黑色素瘤患者进行问卷调查,问卷包括一般资料调查表、社会影响量表、应对自我效能量表和状态自尊量表。采用单因素分析、相关分析和多重线性回归分析患者病耻感的影响因素。结果共发放问卷167份,回收有效问卷162份。黑色素瘤患者病耻感得分(54.54±11.53)分,75.93%(123/162)的黑色素瘤患者病耻感处于中等水平。多重线性回归分析结果显示,获得社会支持、行为自尊、社会自尊、伤口异味、婚姻状况是黑色素瘤患者病耻感的影响因素,可解释黑色素瘤患者病耻感总变异率的34.9%。结论黑色素瘤患者因疾病和自身等综合因素产生病耻感,且病耻感水平较高,应引起医护人员和社会人群的高度重视,给予黑色素瘤患者更具有针对性的指导和护理干预,进而提高生活质量。Objective To investigate the current status of stigma in patients with melanoma and analyze its influencing factors to provide references for formulating effective intervention measures.Methods This study is a cross-sectional study.Using the convenient sampling method,a questionnaire survey was conducted on 167 inpatients with malignant melanoma in a ClassⅢGrade A hospital in Beijing from April to May 2019.The questionnaires included general information questionnaire,Social Impact Scale(SIS),Coping Self-efficacy Scale(CSE)and the State Self-Esteem Scale(SSES).Univariate analysis,correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyze the influencing factors of stigma.Results A total of 167 questionnaires were distributed and 162 valid questionnaires were collected.The stigma score of melanoma patients was(54.54±11.53),and 75.93%(123/162)of melanoma patients had a moderate level of stigma.The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that social support,behavioral self-esteem,social self-esteem,strange smell of wound and marital status were influencing factors of stigma in melanoma patients,which could explain 34.9%of the total variation rate of stigma in melanoma patients.Conclusions Patients with melanoma have a relatively high level of stigma due to diseases and their own comprehensive factors.Medical staff and social workers should pay high attention to the status and provide melanoma patients with more targeted guidance and nursing intervention,so as to improve their quality of life.

关 键 词：黑色素瘤 病耻感 影响因素 自尊 社会支持 

分 类 号：R739.5[医药卫生—肿瘤]