泥石流-堰塞湖灾后应急救援决策研究——以甘肃文县“8·17”泥石流灾害为例  

A Study of the Post-Disaster Emergency Relief of Mudslide and Weir:Taking the“8·17”Mudslide Disaster in Wen County as an Example

作　　者：唐尧[1,2,3] 王立娟 马松[1,2,3] 尹恒 王志军[1,2,3] TANG Yao;WANG Lijuan;MA Song;YIN Heng;WANG Zhijun(Sichuan Academy of Safety Science and Technology,Chengdu 610045,China;Sichuan Anxin Kechuang Technology Co.,Ltd,Chengdu 610045,China;Sichuan Earthquake and Geological Disaster Emergency Technical Support Center,Chengdu 610045,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省安全科学技术研究院,四川成都610045 [2]四川安信科创科技有限公司,四川成都610045 [3]四川省地震与地质灾害应急技术保障中心,四川成都610045

出　　处：《灾害学》2021年第2期124-129,共6页Journal of Catastrophology

基　　金：四川省科技计划项目“川西高山峡谷地区地震与地质灾害态势感知与应急救援研究”(2020YFS0387)。

摘　　要：以甘肃文县2020年"8.17"泥石流灾害为例,开展泥石流-堰塞湖灾害灾后应急救援决策研究,探索性将该类灾害前期阶段应急救援决策总结为:灾情盲估预判-先期应急备灾-成因剖析-灾情宏观初判-应急救援决策等。研究结果表明:预判影响人口约10.8万人,预估需求帐篷约2.3万顶、饮用水约240 t/d,文县消防救援大队距离最近,附近有文县第一人民医院等8家医疗防疫力量,石鸡坝初级中学等10所学校可作为临时安置避难场所备选;受影响矿山企业5家,重要水库1座;泥石流淤积物堆积区约7.91×10~4 m~2,堰塞湖面积约1.06 km~2,淹没区约37.4×10~4 m~2,因灾受损民居51处、桥梁3处、电站1处、加油站1处及耕地10处,优选3条灾后救援生命线。we take the Wen County“8·17”mudslide disaster as an example to study the post-disaster emergency rescue and relief decisions after the mudslide-weir disaster,and summarize the pre-disaster emergency rescue and relief decisions as follows:blind prediction of the disaster situation-preliminary emergency preparedness-analysis of the causes-macroscopic initial judgment of the disaster situation-emergency rescue and relief decisions.The results of the study showed that:the predicted population affected is about 108,000 people,the estimated need for about 23,000 tents and 240 tons of drinking water(per day),the Wen County Fire and Rescue Brigade is the nearest,and there are 8 medical epidemic prevention forces such as the First People’s Hospital of Wen County,and 10 schools such as Shijiaba Junior High School can be used as temporary shelter alternatives;5 mining enterprises are affected,and there is one important reservoir;debris flow siltation.The accumulation area is about 79,100m 2,the area of the weir lake is about 1.06 km 2,the inundation area is about 374,000 m 2,and there are 51 dwellings,3 bridges,1 power station,1 gas station and 10 farmlands damaged due to the disaster,and 3 post-disaster relief lifelines are preferred.

关 键 词：应急救援 泥石流 堰塞湖 石鸡坝镇 甘肃文县 

分 类 号：P694[天文地球—地质学] X43[环境科学与工程—灾害防治]