减害理念在禁毒防艾工作中的具体应用  

Application of Harm Reduction Concept in Drug Control and AIDS Prevention

作　　者：孟聪 包涵[1] MENG Cong;BAO Han(People’s Public Security University of China,College of investigation,Beijing 100038)

机构地区：[1]中国人民公安大学侦查学院,北京100038

出　　处：《中国药物滥用防治杂志》2021年第1期77-83,87,共8页Chinese Journal of Drug Abuse Prevention and Treatment

摘　　要：静脉注射海洛因行为造成艾滋病的快速传播,使毒品问题与艾滋病交织,成为影响公众卫生健康的公共安全问题。人类社会在对毒品问题的深入剖析研究后,实际上承认了毒品难以在短期内禁绝的共识,将吸毒人员隔离监禁也无法改善其成瘾的状况,侧重惩戒的"道德模式"被摒弃,而着重治疗的"医疗模式"和减害措施逐渐兴起,以应对毒品与艾滋病的扩散。随着减害理念和措施的引入,禁毒防艾的政策转型有效限制了毒品艾滋病的传播蔓延,人类对毒品艾滋病的治理走向了新阶段。Intravenous heroin has caused the rapid spread of AIDS,making the drug problem intertwined with AIDS and becoming a public safety issue affecting public health.After in-depth analysis and research on the drug problem,human society has reached a consensus that drugs cannot be banned in a short period of time.The isolation and imprisonment of drug users will not improve their addiction status.The"moral model"that focuses on punishment has been abandoned and focused on treatment.The"medical model"and harm reduction measures gradually emerged in response to the spread of drugs and AIDS.With the release of harm reduction concepts and measures,the policy transformation of drug control and AIDS prevention has effectively restricted the spread of drug AIDS,and the management of drug AIDS has entered a new stage.

关 键 词：减害措施 清洁针具交换 艾滋病防治 美沙酮维持疗法 

分 类 号：R749.64[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学] R512.91[医药卫生—临床医学] R183