稻草秸秆发酵液的抑藻效应及其机理  

Study on the algae inhibition effect and mechanism of the fermented liquid of rice straw

作　　者：胡春霞[1] 陈波[2] 张庭廷 HU Chun-xia;CHEN Bo;ZHANG Ting-ting(Yuanpei College of Shaoxing University,Shaoxing 312000,China;College of Life Sciences,Anhui Normal University,Wuhu 241000,China)

机构地区：[1]绍兴文理学院元培学院,浙江绍兴312000 [2]安徽师范大学生命科学学院,安徽芜湖241000

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2021年第4期1925-1931,共7页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31170443)。

摘　　要：为有效利用农业废弃物稻草秸秆进行抑藻,本研究对不同稻草秸秆进行了特定方式的发酵,测定了发酵液对常见淡水藻类的化感效应,探讨了其中抑藻作用强的发酵液抑藻机理.结果表明:与普通稻草秸秆发酵液相比,水稻分蘖枝发酵液对铜绿微囊藻的抑制效果显著好于普通稻草秸秆发酵液(P<0.05),作用72h水稻分蘖枝发酵液抑制率为93.21%,168h为97.96%,而稻草秸秆发酵液120h抑制率为68.20%,168h抑制率反而显著下降,只有27.65%;前者Eh50为14.073h,后者为21.036h;水稻分蘖枝发酵液对蓝藻(铜绿微囊藻)和绿藻(蛋白核小球藻、斜生栅藻)3种淡水藻均有良好抑制作用,对铜绿微囊藻抑制作用最佳(P<0.05).在水稻分蘖枝发酵液胁迫下,铜绿微囊藻叶绿素a以及藻蓝蛋白(PC)和别藻蓝蛋白(APC)含量下降,藻细胞叶绿素自发荧光值持续降低,藻细胞结构破坏.推测水稻分蘖枝发酵液的抑藻机制之一是将藻细胞光合系统作为其攻击的靶点从而抑制藻类生长,并最终破坏细胞结构,引起细胞凋亡.In order to use agricultural waste rice straws to inhibit algae growth more efficiently,this study experimented specific fermentation of different rice straws,measured the allelopathy performance of the fermentation liquids on common freshwater algae,and discussed the mechanism of fermentation liquid with strong algae inhibition.The results showed that compared with ordinary rice straw fermentation liquids,the fermentation liquid with rice tillering branch had significantly better inhibitory effect on Microcystis aeruginosa(P<0.05),and the inhibition rate after 72h treatment was 93.21%,then increased to 97.96%at 168h.With the treatment of the ordinary rice straw fermentation liquid,the corresponding inhibition rate at 120h was only 68.20%,then decreased significantly to only 27.65%at 168h.The Eh50 was 14.073h for the former and 21.036h for the latter liquid.The rice tillering branch fermentation liquid had better inhibitory effects on cyanobacteria(M.aeruginosa)and green algae(Chlorella pyrenoidosa,Scenedesmus obliquus),and had the best inhibitory effect on M.aeruginosa(P<0.05).Under the stress of rice tillering branch fermentation liquid,the contents of chlorophyll a,phycocyanin(PC)and allophycocyanin(APC)of M.aeruginosa decreased,the autofluorescence value of algal cell chlorophyll decreased continuously,and the algal cell structure was destroyed.It was speculated that one of the anti-algae mechanisms of rice tillering branch fermentation liquid might use the photosynthetic system of algae cells as its attack target to inhibit the growth of algae,and ultimately destroy the cell structure and cause cell apoptosis.

关 键 词：水稻分蘖枝 化感作用 抑藻机理 光合作用 

分 类 号：X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X52