新批评派的“结构论”与中国诗论的“结构”问题  

Structural Theory of the New Criticism and the Issue of Structure in Chinese Classical Poetics

作　　者：成盈秋 成复旺 Cheng Yingqiu;Cheng Fuwang

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学文学院

出　　处：《国学学刊》2021年第1期94-100,144,F0003,共9页Research in the Traditions of Chinese Culture

摘　　要：文章着重从三个方面进行新批评与中国诗论关于"结构"问题的比较。一是"结构"观念。新批评所持的是"本体"化了的"内部结构"观念,近乎所谓"诗本身";而中国诗论指的是传统修辞学的所谓"篇章结构",二者不能相提并论。二是诗的"内部构造"的实际思路。新批评研究诗的"意义构造",基本思路是感性与理性的关系;中国诗论虽没有运用"结构"这个术语,但通过心与物、即情志与景物的关系去阐发诗意。三是这两条依托不同文化根基的思路有着相通之处,在强调"外在的自然界与人的内在世界"的统一方面,殊途同归。This paper discussed the comparison on the issue of"structure"between the the New Criticism and Chinese Classical Criticism in three aspects. First, the concept of"structure". The New Criticism holds an ontological idea of the inner structure of poetry, being close to the so-called"poetry itself";while"structure"in Chinese poetics is used in a rhetoric sense, meaning the paragraph structure in article writing, which are basically different. Second, the practical understanding of"the inner structure"of poetry. The New criticism studies"the structure of meaning"of poetry, mainly dealing with the relationship between sensibility and rationality. Although there is no such a term as"structure"in Chinese poetics, much elucidation on poetic meaning by virtue of discussing the relationship between mind and object, i.e., emotion and scenery, surely exists. Third, basing on different cultural backgrounds,these two different ideas are similar in that they both assert the unity of "the outer nature and man’s internal world".

关 键 词：结构 诗意 感性与理性 情志与景物 新批评 

分 类 号：I0[文学—文学理论]