坝上和接坝地区脑卒中患病率及危险因素暴露水平比较  

Comparative analysis of prevalence of cerebral stroke and exposure level of risk factors

作　　者：纪裕伟 杨晓飞 郭金礼 张舒 左莉 JI Yuwei;YANG Xiaofei;GUO Jinli(Department of Neurology,Hospital of Fengning Manchu Autonomous County,Hebi,Fengning 068350,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省丰宁满族自治县医院神经内科,068350

出　　处：《河北医药》2021年第7期1092-1095,共4页Hebei Medical Journal

基　　金：承德市科学技术研究与发展指导计划项目(自筹经费第一批)(编号:201701A097)。

摘　　要：目的探讨脑卒中患病率及危险因素暴露水平的分析,为坝上及接坝地区脑卒中预防和控制提供科学依据。方法采取抽样调查的方式从坝上及接坝地区常住居民6500人进行调查问卷和体格检查,将其调查数据进行分析。结果本文筛查共计6500人,其中乡镇3250人,城市3250人,经统计学分析,乡镇患病率(1.85%)明显高于城市患病率(1.23%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.06,P<0.05);根据不同年龄段对比发现,乡镇、城市60~69岁调查人数患病率分别为0.71%、0.55%,达高峰;其次为乡镇、城市50~59岁调查人数患病率分别为0.58%、0.31%;乡镇、城市70~79岁患病率分别为0.37%、0.28%,呈现下降趋势;最后为乡镇、城市40~49岁调查人数分别为1197人、1250人,患病率分别为0.12%、0.06%,乡镇、城市≥80岁的调查人数患病率分别为0.06%、0.03%。曾有短暂性脑缺血发作病史285例,占4.38%,其中乡镇185例,占2.85%,城市100例,占1.54%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。总高危人群248人,占3.82%,中危人群778人,占11.97%,低危人群3743人,占57.58%。地区脑卒中抽样人群中危险因素为高血压、糖尿病、高血脂、吸烟、肥胖或超重、心脏瓣膜或者房颤、家族史、缺乏运动的暴露率分别为13.65%、1.66%、6.51%、4.83%、20.26%、0.85%、6.91%、19.69%,其中肥胖或者超重占最高,其次为缺乏运动、高血压病史、家族史、高血脂、吸烟史次之,最低为心脏瓣膜或者房颤。乡镇组和城市组危险因素中肥胖或超重、缺乏运动、高血压病史均占前三名,乡镇组的危险因素均高于城市组(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论坝上及接坝地区普遍存在肥胖或超重等现象,更易患高血压、糖尿病以及高血脂等疾病。因此,应建立合理的饮食习惯,加强锻炼,从而减少脑卒中的患病率。加大乡镇地区的宣教工作,调动居民的自我保护意识,定期健康体检,争取做到早发现、早治疗、早预防。Objective To investigate the prevalence of cerebral stroke and exposure level of risk factors,so as to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of cerebral stroke in the area.Methods The sampling survey was performed to carry out a questionnaire and physical examination for 6,500 permanent residents in a certain area,and the survey data were analyzed.Results A total of 6,500 people were investigated,including 3250 ones in towns and 3250 ones in cities.After statistical analysis,the prevalence in towns(1.85%)was significantly higher than that(1.23%)in cities(P<0.05).And the prevalence rate of people in towns and cities aged 60~69 was 0.71%and 0.55%,respectively,reaching the peak,which in the people aged 50~59 was 0.58%and 0.31%,respectively,and 0.37%and 0.28%respectively in the people aged 70~79,next 0.12%and 0.06%respectively in the people aged 40~49,finally,0.06%and 0.03%in the people with age≥80 years.There were 285 cases of transient ischemic attack,accounting for 4.38%,including 185 cases in towns,accounting for 2,85%,and 100 cases in cities,accounting for 1.54%.There were significant differences in the numerical values between people in towns and people in cities(P<0.01).The total high-risk group was 248 cases,accounting for 3.82%,the medium-risk group was 778 cases,accounting for 11.97%,and the low-risk group was 3743 cases,accounting for 57.58%.The risk factors of cerebral stroke were hypertension,diabetes,hyperlipidemia,smoking,obesity or overweight,heart valve or atrial fibrillation,family history,and lack of exercise.The exposure rates were 13.65%,1.66%,6.51%,and 4.83%,respectively.The risk factors of obesity or overweight,lack of exercise,and hypertension accounted for the top three among the risk factors of the township group and the urban group.Moreover the risk factors in township group were significantly higher than those in urban group(P<0.01 or P<0.05).Conclusion The obesity or overweight is common in the area,it is more susceptible to diseases including high blood pressure,dia

关 键 词：脑卒中 患病率 危险因素 暴露率 

分 类 号：R743.33[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]