护士艾滋歧视与护理行为的相关性研究  

Study on the Correlation between AIDS Discrimination and Nursing behavior of Nurses

作　　者：朱雨昕 王金娜 刘洁美 魏嫣纯 李雪苗 ZHU Yu-xin;WANG Jin-na;LIU Jie-mei;WEI Yan-chun;LI Xue-miao(School of Nursing,Hubei University of Medicine,Shiyan,Hubei 442000,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北医药学院护理学院,湖北十堰442000

出　　处：《湖北医药学院学报》2021年第2期199-204,共6页Journal of Hubei University of Medicine

基　　金：湖北省教育厅哲学社会科学研究基金(19Q135);湖北医药学院启动金项目(2018QDJRW02);湖北医药学院2019年大学生创新创业项目(201910929007)。

摘　　要：目的:了解护士的艾滋歧视和护理行为状况,探讨护士艾滋歧视与护理行为的相关性以及影响护士为HIV携带者或艾滋病患者(people living with HIV/AIDS,PLWHA)提供护理服务的因素。方法:于2019年7月采用便利抽样法对十堰市3所三级甲等综合医院的306名护士进行问卷调查。调查工具包括一般资料问卷、护士艾滋歧视量表、护理行为问卷以及一个探索护士为PLWHA提供护理服务影响因素的开放性问题。结果:护士艾滋歧视总分为(50.2±9.7)分,护理行为总分为(128.5±20.9)分。护士艾滋歧视总分与护理行为总分之间呈显著负相关(r=-0.416),其中工作中的歧视、是否应得到良好的护理两个变量联合解释护理行为的变异量为37.2%,工作中的歧视对护理行为的变量解释最高。对质性资料进行主题分析,结果表明影响护士为PLWHA提供护理服务的因素包括职业暴露风险、艾滋歧视、工作职责和职业道德。结论:护士存在中等水平的艾滋歧视,且对其护理行为造成了负面影响。护士能否为PLWHA提供同等护理服务受多重因素影响,在设计针对护士消除艾滋歧视的项目时,应充分考虑这些因素。Objective To understand the status of AIDS discrimination and nursing behavior of nurses,explore the correla⁃tion between AIDS discrimination and nursing behavior of nurses,and the factors that affect nurses′provision of nursing services for people living with HIV/AIDS(PLWHA).Methods In July 2019,the convenience sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey of 306 nurses in a 3 Grade-A hospitals in Shiyan City.The survey tools include general information questionnaire,nurse AIDS discrimination questionnaire,nursing behavior questionnaire,and an open question that explores the factors influencing nurses′provision of nursing services to PLWHA.Results The total score of AIDS dis⁃crimination was(50.2±9.7),and the total score of nursing behavior was(128.5±20.9).There was a significant negative correlation between the total score of AIDS discrimination and the total score of nursing behavior(r=-0.416).The varia⁃tion of nursing behavior was 37.2%explained by the two variables of discrimination at work and whether they should get good nursing care.The highest explanation of nursing behavior variable was discrimination at work.The results of thematic analysis of qualitative data showed that the factors influencing nurses′providing nursing services for PLWHA included occu⁃pational exposure risk,AIDS discrimination,job responsibilities and professional ethics.Conclusion There is a moderate level of AIDS discrimination among nurses,which has a negative impact on their nursing behavior.Whether nurses can pro⁃vide the same nursing service for PLWHA is affected by multiple factors.These factors should be fully considered when de⁃signing programs for nurses to eliminate AIDS discrimination.

关 键 词：HIV携带者/艾滋病患者 护士 艾滋歧视 护理行为 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]