光动力治疗口腔黏膜癌及癌前病变的临床进展  

Clinical progress of photodynamic therapy for oral mucosal carcinoma and precancerous lesions

作　　者：马婧媛[1] 李靖敏[2] MA Jing-yuan;LI Jing-min(The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine,Hangzhou 310002,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学医学院附属第二医院口腔内科,杭州310002 [2]杭州口腔医院,杭州310006

出　　处：《中华老年口腔医学杂志》2021年第2期114-117,共4页Chinese Journal of Geriatric Dentistry

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(项目编号:2018YFB0407204)。

摘　　要：口腔癌是发生在口腔的恶性肿瘤之总称,严重影响人类生命和生活,发病率高,致残率和病死率高。许多口腔癌由癌前病变发展而来,最常见的是口腔黏膜白斑、扁平苔藓等。目前针对口腔癌一线治疗方案分为:手术切除、放射线治疗、化学治疗以及联合治疗。特别是高龄口腔癌症患者,传统治疗尚有一定的局限性和毒副作用。针对癌前病变常用药物和手术治疗,复发率较高,患者精神压力大。光动力疗法(Photodynamic th erapy,PDT)是通过光动力学反应选择性破坏病变组织的微创治疗手段,主要应用于体表和空腔脏器表面肿瘤的非手术治疗。它具有抗瘤谱广、靶向特异性高、对正常细胞器官损伤小、全身毒副作用低、可以重复治疗等特点。在癌症复发或高龄癌症患者不能耐受手术和放化疗的治疗中取得了一定疗效。PDT为口腔黏膜病变(特别浅表病变和早期病变)提供了手术或放疗之外的另一种选择。本文将从PDT治疗口腔黏膜肿瘤、口腔黏膜癌前病变等疾病的治疗方面进行综述和展望。Oral cancer is a general term for malignant tumors occurring in the oral cavity,which seriously affects human life.It has a high incidence rate and disability rate ang fatality rate.Many oral cancers develop from precancerous lesions.The common of oral mucosal precancers are oral leukoplakia and oral lichen planus.At present,the first-line treatment for oral cancer is divided into surgical resection,radiotherapy,chemotherapy and combination therapy.Especially for elderly oral cancer patients,traditional treatment has some limitations and toxic side effects.The recurrence rate of precancerous lesions,which used drugs and surgical treatment is higher with commonly treatment.The patient is under great stress.Photodynamic therapy(PDT)is a minimally invasive therapy for selective destruction of diseased tissue through Photodynamic response.It is mainly used for non-surgical treatment of tumors on the surface of the body and the surface of the cavity and viscera.It has the characteristics of wide anti-tumor spectrum,high targeting specificity,little damage to normal cells and organs,low systemic toxic and side effects.It can be repeated treatment.Some curative effects have been achieved in the treatment of cancer recurrence or elderly cancer patients who cannot tolerate surgery and chemoradiotherapy.PDT provides an alternative to surgery or radiation therapy for oral mucosal lesions(especially superficial and early stage lesions).In this paper,the treatment of oral mucosal tumors,precancerous lesions and other diseases of the oral mucosa by PDT will be reviewed and prospected.

关 键 词：光动力疗法 口腔黏膜病肿瘤 口腔黏膜白斑 口腔扁平苔藓 

分 类 号：R782[医药卫生—口腔医学]