口腔扁平苔藓免疫学因素的研究现状  

Research status of immunological factors in oral lichen planus

作　　者：徐晓雨 卢恕来[2] XU Xiao-yu;LU Shu-lai(Graduate School of Dalian Medical University,Dalian 116044,China)

机构地区：[1]大连医科大学研究生院,大连116044 [2]青岛市市立医院口腔医学中心,青岛266011

出　　处：《中华老年口腔医学杂志》2021年第2期118-122,共5页Chinese Journal of Geriatric Dentistry

基　　金：青岛市科技计划项目(项目编号:17-3-3-39-nsh)。

摘　　要：口腔扁平苔藓(OLP)是一种严重影响患者身心健康的发生于口腔黏膜的非传染性炎症性疾病。OLP的病因尚不明确,可能与多种因素有关。目前的研究表明,OLP的发病与免疫因素密切相关,它是一种以T淋巴细胞介导的免疫应答为特征的慢性疾病。抗原特异性机制和非特异性机制可能参与OLP的免疫过程。首先由树突状细胞摄取、处理未知抗原触发其免疫反应,导致T淋巴细胞和其他免疫细胞在病损处聚集,分泌大量细胞因子,继而破坏基底膜并杀伤角质形成细胞,最终造成口腔黏膜炎症性病损。因此,免疫细胞和复杂的细胞因子网络在OLP的发病过程中起重要作用。本文从免疫机制,免疫细胞和炎症介质三方面对OLP的免疫学研究现状进行综述,旨在为OLP的预防、诊断和临床治疗提供理论参考。Oral lichen planus(OLP)is a non-communicable inflammatory disease occurring in the oral mucosa that seriously affects the physical and mental health of patients.The etiology of OLP is not clear and may be related to many factors.Current research shows that the incidence of OLP is closely related to immune factors,it is a chronic disease characterized by an immune response mediated by T lymphocytes.Antigen-specific and non-specific mechanisms may participate in the immune process of OLP.First,dendritic cells ingest and process unknown antigens to trigger their immune response,which causes T lymphocytes and other immune cells to accumulate in the lesion,secrete a large number of cytokines,and then destroy the basement membrane and kill keratinocytes,ultimately causing inflammatory lesions of oral mucosa.Therefore,immune cells and complex cytokine networks play an important role in the pathogenesis of OLP.In this paper,the immunologic research status of OLP is reviewed from three aspects:immune mechanism,immune cells and inflammatory mediators,in order to provide theoretical reference for the prevention,diagnosis and clinical treatment of OLP.

关 键 词：口腔扁平苔藓 免疫机制 免疫细胞 炎症介质 

分 类 号：R781.5[医药卫生—口腔医学]