工作场景中的跨文化对话:从分歧到合作的意义建构过程  

Cross-cultural Dialogue in Working Context:A Sensemaking Process from Discrepancy to Cooperation

作　　者：刘畅唱 贾良定[2] 杨椅伊 Changchang Liu;Liangding Jia;Yiyi Yang(School of Business and Trade,Nanjing Industry Institute of Technology,Nanjing,China;School of Business,Nanjing University,Nanjing,China)

机构地区：[1]南京工业职业技术大学 [2]南京大学

出　　处：《南大商学评论》2020年第2期79-101,共23页Nanjing Business Review

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目“中国企业专业化管理研究”(编号:71632005);南京工业职业技术大学重大培育项目、引进人才科研启动项目(编号:YK18-07-01,YK18-07-04)资助。

摘　　要：本文基于对德、日、墨三国四地的中国海外分公司的案例研究,发现文化差异在特定触发条件下会形成管理挑战,以对抗、阻滞或分离的形式威胁组织功能的正常运行。面对文化冲突,管理者通过"跨文化对话"与不同文化背景的组织成员一起经历悬置假设、表达假设、反思假设和变革假设的过程,实现对引发分歧文化假设的重构、扩张或合并,最终达成既共担责任又容纳差异的"和而不同"的结果。其中,发挥作用的机制为"意义建构",以"意义解构"和"意义重组"两种形式令对话参与者对已有信念结构进行协商,变革原本"不可通约"的隐性假设,发展出容纳更广阔视域的解释框架,促使对话参与者由文化差异引起的分歧走向合作。Based on a case study from overseas branches of a Chinese MNE—Germany,Japan,and Mexico,it shows that cultural differences can develop into organizational management challenges under specific trigger condition.Thus,it will threaten the normal operation of organizations in the form of confrontation,blockade or separation.Confronted with cultural conflicts,managers will experience the process of suspending assumption,expressing assumption,reflecting assumption,and transforming assumption with the multi-cultural HCNs together through cross-cultural dialogue.In this way,reconstruction,expansion,or merging of once disagreed cultural assumptions will be realized.Ultimately,it can lead to a"he er bu tong"(harmony in diversity)result which is characterized by shared responsibility and embracing differences.Sensemaking comes into play in the cross-cultural dialogue.Working through the two sub-mechanisms of sense-deconstructing and sense-reorganizing,the mechanism renders dialogue participants negotiate with existing belief structure.The original"incompatible"implicit assumptions between the participants are transformed to a more persuasive and permeable interpretative framework which contains a broader horizon.Therefore,enabling dialogue participants gradually achieve cooperation from discrepancy induced by cultural differences.

关 键 词：文化冲突 跨文化对话 意义建构 和而不同 企业国际化 

分 类 号：F125[经济管理—世界经济] F279.2