基于磁性纳米材料显现潜在手印的研究进展  

Development of Latent Fingerprints Based on Magnetic Nanomaterials

作　　者：万敬伟 陈蕾 崔胜峰 李伟[1,2] 马学兵[4] WAN Jing-wei;CHEN Lei;CUI Sheng-feng;Wei;MA Xue-bing(Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Criminal Science and Technology,Department of Public Security Technology,Railway Police College,Zhengzhou 450053,China;Institute of Environmental and Ecological Safety Technology,Institute of Public Safety Research,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China;Department of Pharmacy,Henan Medical College,Zhengzhou 451191,China;Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality,College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]铁道警察学院刑事科学技术系郑州市刑事科学技术重点实验室,河南郑州450053 [2]郑州大学公共安全研究院环境与生态安全技术研究所,河南郑州450001 [3]河南医学高等专科学校药学系,河南郑州451191 [4]西南大学化学化工学院重庆市应用化学重点实验室,重庆400715

出　　处：《化学试剂》2021年第4期474-483,共10页Chemical Reagents

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(21805208);国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC0807203);河南省科技攻关计划项目(172102210112,182102210118);河南省高等学校重点科研项目(20A520033);中央高校基本科研业务经费项目(2019TJJBKY029)。

摘　　要：手印作为指认犯罪嫌疑人的重要物证,通过对犯罪现场的潜在手印进行显现比对,为公安司法机关提供侦查线索和法庭证据。近年来,将新型磁性纳米材料应用于潜在手印显现技术的研究成为法庭科学研究者及刑侦人员关注的热点,与传统手印显现技术相比,磁性纳米手印显现技术具有可回收、低DNA毒性、高灵敏度、显现方式多样等突出优点。从显现原理、合成方法及对潜在手印的显现效果等方面重点阐述了常规磁性纳米粉末、磁性小颗粒悬浮(SPR)试剂、磁性掺杂纳米荧光材料、无机-有机杂化磁性纳米材料、具有核壳构型的磁性纳米材料、基于免疫反应的磁性纳米材料等6类磁性纳米材料,并对存在的问题进行了讨论,展望了新型磁性纳米材料应用的未来发展趋势,为犯罪现场潜在手印的显现提供了重要的参考和借鉴。As an important evidence for the identification of criminal suspects, fingerprints can provide investigation clues and evidence for the public security and judicial organs by developed latent fingerprints at the crime scene.In recent years, the application of novel magnetic nanomaterials by which developed latent fingerprint has become the focus of forensic science researchers and criminal investigators.Compared with traditional technology developed by latent fingerprint, magnetic nanomaterials has the advantages of recyclability, low DNA toxicity, high sensitivity and multiple forms.This work focuses on the development principles, synthesis methods and effects of six types of magnetic nanomaterials, including conventional magnetic nanomaterials, magnetic small particle suspension(SPR) reagent, magnetic doped nano-fluorescent material, inorganic-organic hybrid magnetic nanomaterials, magnetic nanomaterials with core-shell configuration, and magnetic nanomaterials based on immune reaction.The existing problems are discussed, and the future development trend of the application of new magnetic nanomaterials is prospected.The existing problems are discussed, and the future development trend of the application of novel magnetic nanomaterials is prospected, which provides an important reference for developed by latent fingerprints at crime scenes.

关 键 词：法庭科学 纳米材料 磁性 潜在手印 物证 

分 类 号：DF794.1[政治法律—诉讼法学]