基于障碍物的轴流泵叶片空化控制  

Blade cavitation control by obstacles in axial-flow pump

作　　者：赵国寿 伍锐 车邦祥[3] 曹琳琳 吴大转 ZHAO Guo-shou;WU Rui;CHE Bang-xiang;CAO Lin-lin;WU Da-zhuan(Institute of Process Equipment,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310027,China;Shanghai Ship and Shipping Research Institute,Shanghai 200135,China;Beijing Institute of Spacecraft System Engineering,Beijing 100094,China;State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310027,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学化工机械研究所,浙江杭州310027 [2]上海船舶运输科学研究所,上海200135 [3]北京航天器系统工程研究所,北京100094 [4]浙江大学流体动力与机电系统国家重点实验室,浙江杭州310027

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（工学版）》2021年第4期742-749,共8页Journal of Zhejiang University：Engineering Science

基　　金：喷水推进技术重点实验室基金资助项目(6142223180107).

摘　　要：基于前期水翼云空化控制与轴流泵空化机理的研究成果,面向轴流泵叶片的空化控制,设计并列障碍物条放置于叶片吸力面特定位置.采用数值模拟与水洞实验方法,研究障碍物的空化控制效果与机理.结果表明,障碍物虽然对泵的水力效率造成一定影响,在设计点效率下降5.6%,但诱发的前部高压可以有效控制叶片前缘片状空化的产生与发展.障碍物自身诱发了一定程度的剪切空化团,因与前缘空化产生机理与位置不同,剪切空化具备较强的抗扰动能力,能够有效抵抗来流干扰引起的空化不稳定性.A pair of parallel obstacle bars on the suction surface of pump blade was designed based on previous investigations on hydrofoil cavitation control and cavitation mechanism of this pump in order to control cavitation in an axial-flow pump.The cavitation experiments and numerical simulation were conducted to examine the control effects and reveal the control mechanism.Results show that the raised pressure around the leading edge by the obstacle can effectively depress blade cavitation generation and development although the hydraulic efficiency is inevitably affected and degrades 5.6%at the design point.The shear cavitation is triggered by the obstacles,which is more capable to resist the cavitation instabilities caused by inflow perturbations considering the generation mechanism and cavitation position.

关 键 词：轴流泵 障碍物 空化控制 水洞试验 

分 类 号：TH312[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]