合作原则和语用预设交互框架下言语幽默成因分析  

AN ANALYSIS OF VERBAL HUMOR FORMATION UNDER THE INTERACTIVE FRAMEWORK OF PRAGMATIC PRESUPPOSITION AND COOPERATIVE PRINCIPLE

作　　者：鲍成莲[1] 李慧方 BAO Chenglian;LI Huifang(School of Foreign Languages, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China)

机构地区：[1]河南工业大学外语学院,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《河南工业大学学报（社会科学版）》2021年第2期111-116,共6页Journal of Henan University of Technology:Social Science Edition

摘　　要：幽默言语作为常见的语言现象,自20世纪起,其生成机制和语用效果便是语用学领域的研究热点。在语用预设和合作原则相结合的交互理论指导下,通过文本细读法对对口相声和独角喜剧“脱口秀”中的言语幽默进行了成因分析。分析发现:两种语料的幽默言语中,都涉及发话者、听话者以及观众3种参与角色,且发话者与听话者角色处于不断切换的状态。言语幽默的成因在于言语参与者之间的“交而不互”,在对话中体现为“不预不合”;言语幽默效果主要在于观众与言语参与者之间的“交而不互”,两者之间的预设落差越大,则幽默性越强。As a common linguistic phenomenon,verbal humor has been a research focus in the field of pragmatics since the last century,especially its formation and pragmatic effects.Under the interactive framework of pragmatic presupposition and Cooperative Principle,an intensive analysis is conducted to depict the formation of verbal humor in texts like Xiangsheng,also known as cross talks,and stand-up comedies i.e.,talk shows.The findings indicate that there are three roles in both types of humorous speeches,namely the speaker,the listener and the audience,among whom the speaker and the listener frequently switch roles.Moreover,verbal humor is usually generated when the speech participants are communicating but not cooperating,and the humorous effect is attained when the audience and speech participants are communicating but not cooperating.The dialogues are featured by the gap of presupposition and cooperation.The wider the gap of cooperation is between the two roles,the stronger the effect of humor is.

关 键 词：言语幽默 语用预设 合作原则 交互架构 

分 类 号：H030[语言文字—语言学]